For the burnt pancake problem, we provide new values of g(−IN ), new hard positions and new experimental optimality ratios.

The most frequent anomalies than can complicate abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) repair are: Major venous anomalies: Renal vein anomalies: Retroaortic left renal vein type I or II. Circumaortic left renal vein. Inferior cava vein anomalies: Left-sided inferior vena cava or cava vein transposition Double inferior vena cava: type I, II or III, right double cava. Marsupial cava or preaortic iliac ...

The pancake problem, which has attracted considerable attention, concerns the number of prefix reversals needed to sort the elements of an arbitrary permutation. The number of prefix reversals to sort permutations is also the diameter of the often studied n-dimensional Pancake network. We consider restricted pancake problem, when only k of the possible n− 1 prefix reversals are allowed.

We describe the gap heuristic for the pancake problem, which dramatically outperforms current abstraction-based heuristics for this problem. The gap heuristic belongs to a family of landmark heuristics that have recently been very successfully applied to planning problems.