Paraquat is a pneumotoxin that causes lung injury by enhancing oxidative stress; however, the cellular responses to these redox events are undefined. We previously showed that paraquat produced selective peroxidation of phosphatidylserine that preceded apoptosis in 32D cells. We now report that the phospholipase A2(PLA2) inhibitor quinacrine can attenuate phosphatidylserine oxidation and also b...

background: paraquat is a non-selective contact herbicide, widely used to control weeds in agriculture farms and aquatic plants in surface waters. paraquat can have adverse effects on the health of aquatic organisms. the aim of this study was to detect the alterations in the blood biochemical parameters of common carp exposed to sub-lethal concentrations of commercial formulations of paraquat. ...

To establish some of the necessary steps in the toxic action of paraquat for cultured mammalian cells, we isolated paraquat-resistant HeLa cells after lethal increments in concentration of paraquat in the medium. The paraquat-resistant cells had increased the cellular content of both the Mn-containing and the CuZn-containing superoxide dismutases. The effect of paraquat on the consumption of ox...

Paraquat is an organic heterocyclic herbicide and defoliant agent used worldwide. However, paraquat is highly toxic to humans and animals and no effective antidote is available, which causes a high mortality rate. In order to investigate the effects of paraquat on the metabolic capacity of cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes, a cocktail method was employed to evaluate the activities of CYP2B1, CYP2D1...

Introduction: Paraquat is a bipyridil herbicide commonly used in modern agriculture for weed and pest control. poisoning usually occurs through direct ingestion suicidal intent, causing mortality as consequence to oxidative damage, inflammation multi-organ failure.
 Objectives: In this study, we investigated the ameliorative potential of Cucurbita pepo fruit on paraqaut-induced inflammatio...

We report the first example of a gene, hmp, encoding a soluble flavohemoglobin in Escherichia coli K-12, which is up-regulated by paraquat in a SoxRS-independent manner. Unlike what is found for other paraquat-inducible genes, high concentrations of paraquat (200 microM) were required to increase the level of hmp expression, and maximal induction was observed only after 20 min of exposure to pa...

Background: Paraquat is nonselective bipyridyl herbicide that induces hepatotoxicity through oxidative stress. Vitamin C and chitosan have antioxidant as well as radical scavenger properties and show protective effects against reactive oxygen species (ROS). In the present study, hepatoprotective effects of chitosan and vitamin C were evaluated in common carp exposed to paraquat. Methods: Whi...

Paraquat has been suggested to induce apoptosis by generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). However, little is known about the mechanism of paraquat-induced apoptosis. Here, we demonstrate that extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (ERK) is required for paraquat-induced apoptosis in NIH3T3 cells. Paraquat treatment resulted in activation of ERK, and U0126, inhibitors of the MEK/ERK ...