There is a great deal of pressure to improve delivery effectiveness, especially for the sector of courier, express and parcel services (CEP) networks caused by rising energy costs and fierce competition among carriers. Additionally, society demands higher standards of ecological sustainability management in the transportation business sector (Leonardi and Baumgartner 2004). The fact that the th...

In the Vehicle Routing Problem with Pickup and Delivery (VRPPD), a set of transportation requests must be satisfied by capacitated vehicles based at one or several depots. Each request is defined by an origin (or pickup point), a destination (or delivery point), and a demand to be transported from the origin to the destination. Typical applications are parcel services and dial-a-ride transporta...

Delivering parcels to collection and delivery points (CDPs) is often seen as a better option compared with home delivery. However, if the demand inhomogeneous, either parcel locker utilization or service level (i.e., number of that can be delivered) low. Either situation would reduce financial viability. This paper compares two options increase utilization, namely: (i) modular lockers numbers a...

This research addresses a variant of the traveling salesman problem in drone-based delivery systems known as TSP-D. The TSP-D is combinatorial optimization which truck and drone collaborate to deliver parcels customers, with objective minimizing total time. Determining optimal solution NP-hard; thus, size problems that can be solved optimally limited. Therefore, metaheuristics are used solve pr...

The design and control of effective sortation systems has become more complex as both the volume parcels also number time-definite service options offered by parcel carriers have grown. In this article, we describe approaches for planning two-stage sort operations that explicitly consider time deadlines sorting capacities. sorting, are sorted into groups a primary sorter then from these dispatc...