BACKGROUND Breast-feeding rates in the UK are known to vary by maternal socio-economic status but the latter function is imperfectly defined. We test if CTVB (Council Tax Valuation Band - a categorical assessment of UK property values and amenities governing local tax levies) of maternal address predicts, in a large UK regional sample of births, (a) breast-feeding (b) personal and socio-economi...

BACKGROUND The association between childhood exposure to lead (Pb) and deficits in cognitive function is well established. The association with prenatal exposure, however, is not well understood, even though the potential adverse effects are equally important. OBJECTIVES To evaluate the association between low prenatal exposure to lead and IQ in children, to determine whether there were sex d...

OBJECTIVE To investigate the prospective associations between dietary patterns in childhood and CVD risk in adolescence. DESIGN Prospective cohort study. Exposures were dietary patterns at age 7, 10 and 13 years derived by cluster analysis. Outcomes were physiological and biochemical cardiovascular risk markers. SETTING Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC), UK. SUBJECT...

in 2006, the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) formally recommended the use of developmental surveillance at each well child visit and the use of standardized developmental screening tools at nine, 18, and 30 (or 24) month visits. In 2007 the AAP recommended the incorporation of an autism-specific screening at the 18 and 24-month visits. In 2006 the Rhode Island Department of Health conducte...

Locus of control is one of the most widely studied concepts in the history of personality psychology. In spite of its popularity and its associations with numerous relevant outcomes, the ability of locus of control to predict future behaviors involving parenting effectiveness has been under researched. The few parent locus of control children's outcome studies are characterized by cross-section...

this is a cross sectional study with aim of assessment and comparison between parents and female adolescents ' attitudes about the role of peers in decision making of adolescent in tehran. in this study 160 mother, 160 father and 160 female adolescents participated. with random selection 160 female adolescent with 14-19 years old from north, south , east and west of tehran were selected an...

the aim of the present study was to compare the broader autism phenotype in iranian parents of children with autism spectrum disorders and parents of typically developing children.parents of children with asd and parents of typically developing children were asked to complete the persian version of the autism spectrum quotient (aq). in the asd group, families included 204 parents (96 fathers an...

the aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between each parent’s body mass index (bmi) and maternal age with weight status of children. this was an analytic cross-sectional study which was conducted on 12-year-old students from different areas in rasht, north part of iran. the checklist included demographic characteristics such as age, maternal age during childbirth, student and m...

background: infants are regarded as a vulnerable group in need of nursing care, particularly during nicu admission. parents of these infants often experience emotional, psychological and physical upheavals. therefore, nurses can be of great help to the parents and facilitate a healthy transition from this period. improper communication with parents, who seek information on their infant’s condit...

most children in hospital have pain. seeing your child in pain or discomfort is incredibly difficult. pain in children is a public health concern of major significance in most parts of the world. we have learned that unrelieved pain causes the body to release certain chemicals that may actually delay healing, so it's important to work with child's nurses and doctors to help children f...