Successful re-introduction of captively-bred Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) populations to their historical natal river systems may be difficult until patterns of local genetic adaptation by the parr stage are better understood. Divergence in parr size, shape, pigmentation, and SNP allele frequencies was compared for five endangered salmon populations from the Bay of Fundy. Differences among pop...

During normal development, rainbow trout undergo a shift in red muscle contraction kinetics and swimming kinematics. Young trout parr have faster muscle kinetics and faster tailbeat frequency during swimming than older, larger juvenile trout. In this study, the thyroid hormone thyroxine (T(4)) was used to induce these changes in trout parr. This allowed a comparison of swimming kinematics, thro...

In order to elucidate the developmental basis for smolting, Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar, parr (b11.5 cm) and smolts (N12.5 cm) were exposed to natural daylength (LDN) and increased daylength (LD16:8) starting in late February and gill Na,K– ATPase activity and circulating hormone levels monitored from January to May. Gill Na,K–ATPase activity remained low and constant in both groups of parr. I...

To determine the effect of development and environment on fin growth, we measured fin lengths of juvenile Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) from two hatcheries (August, October and April–May), stream-reared fish (July and October) stocked as fry into two tributaries, and smolts from the main stem of the Connecticut River (May). For stream-reared parr, there was a linear relationship between the dor...

The synthetic pyrethroid pesticide cypermethrin, a known contaminant of tributaries supporting spawning salmonid fish, had a significant sublethal impact upon the pheromonal mediated endocrine system in mature male Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) parr. Previous studies have demonstrated that ovulated female salmon release a priming pheromone in their urine (considered to be the F-type prostagl...

Atlantic salmon parr and smolts reared under a natural temperature and photoperiod regime were subjected to an acute handling and confinement stress in early May. Smolts had a mean plasma cortisol concentration of 10 ngrml before stress and 242 ngrml 3 h after initiation of stress which returned to pre-stress levels within 8 h. Parr had a plasma cortisol concentration of 4 ngrml prior to stress...

Theoretical reactivity indices based on the conceptual Density Functional Theory (DFT) have become a powerful tool for the semiquantitative study of organic reactivity. A large number of reactivity indices have been proposed in the literature. Herein, global quantities like the electronic chemical potential μ, the electrophilicity ω and the nucleophilicity N indices, and local condensed indices...

UNLABELLED (18)F-FDG PET may assist decision making in ischemic cardiomyopathy. The PET and Recovery Following Revascularization (PARR 2) trial demonstrated a trend toward beneficial outcomes with PET-assisted management. The substudy of PARR 2 that we call Ottawa-FIVE, described here, was a post hoc analysis to determine the benefit of PET in a center with experience, ready access to (18)F-FDG...