Today's particle accelerators and detectors are among the most complicated and expensive scientific instruments ever built, and they exploit almost every aspect of today's cutting-edge engineering technologies. In many cases, accelerator needs have been the driving force behind these new technologies, necessity being the mother of invention. This paper gives an overview of some engineering requ...

Uniform three-dimensional ellipsoidal distributions of charge are the ultimate goal in charged particle accelerator physics because of their linear internal force fields. Such bunches remain ellipsoidal with perfectly linear position-momentum phase space correlations in any linear transport system. We present a method, based on photoemission by radially shaped femtosecond laser pulses, to actua...

The interaction of petawatt (10(15) W) lasers with solid matter forms the basis for advanced scientific applications such as table-top particle accelerators, ultrafast imaging systems and laser fusion. Key metrics for these applications relate to absorption, yet conditions in this regime are so nonlinear that it is often impossible to know the fraction of absorbed light f, and even the range of...

Since the beginning of the past century, accelerators have started to play a fundamental role as powerful tools to discover the world around us, how the universe has evolved since the big bang and to develop fundamental instruments for everyday life. Although more than 15 000 accelerators are operating around the world only a very few of them are dedicated to fundamental research. An overview o...

The chaotic low energy region of the Fermi-Ulam simplified accelerator model is characterized by the use of scaling analysis. It is shown that the average velocity and the roughness (variance of the average velocity) obey scaling functions with the same characteristic exponents. The formalism is widely applicable, including to billiards and to other chaotic systems.

Collisions of particles in black hole ergospheres may result in an arbitrarily large center-of-mass energy. This led recently to the suggestion [M. Bañados, J. Silk, and S. M. West, Phys. Rev. Lett. 103, 111102 (2009)] that black holes can act as ultimate particle accelerators. If the energy of an outgoing particle is larger than the total energy of the infalling particles, the energy excess mu...

The influence of dissipation on the simplified Fermi-Ulam accelerator model (SFUM) is investigated. The model is described in terms of a two-dimensional nonlinear mapping obtained from differential equations. It is shown that a dissipative SFUM possesses regions of phase space characterized by the property of area preservation.

A brief sketch is made of the present observational status of neutrino properties, with emphasis on the hints from solar and atmospheric neutrinos, as well as cosmological data on the amplitude of primordial density fluctuations. Implications of neutrino mass in particle accelerators, astrophysics and cosmology are discussed. Invited talk at TAUP95, Toledo, September 1995. [email protected];...

The measurement of the transverse beam emittance is essential in any particle accelerator. This paper describes the problems of transverse emittance measurement for the new H LINAC being built at CERN as a replacement of the existing proton LINAC.