Dispersion and deposition of aerosol particles over two square cylinders confined in a channel in laminar unsteady vortical flow were investigated numerically. Lattice Boltzmann method was used to calculate fluid characteristics and modify Euler method was employed as Lagrangian particle tracing procedure to obtain particle trajectories. Drag, Saffman lift, gravity, buoyancy and Brownian motion...

Any finite set of lines in the real projective plane determines a cell complex; these complexes and their combinatorial properties have been a subject of study at least since 1826 [9]. More recently, Levi [6] considered a topological generalization of this notion, defined as follows: Consider a simple closed curve in RP2 which does not separate RP2; this is called a pseudoline. (It is clear tha...

Low-angle X-ray diffraction arising from 40 to 50 A particles within wet frog retinal receptor disk membranes at 26°C was not consistent with a planar crystalline lattice of the particles within the disk membranes. The nature of the diffraction suggested the possibility of a planar liquid-like arrangement of the particles. Such an arrangement is supported by the observation that the planar orde...

We introduce a new combinatorial object, the double-permutation sequence, and use it to encode a family of mutually disjoint compact convex sets in the plane in a way that captures many of its combinatorial properties. We use this encoding to give a new proof of the Edelsbrunner-Sharir theorem that a collection of n compact convex sets in the plane cannot be met by straight lines in more than 2...

A collection of spherical particles can be packed tightly together into an amorphous packing known as "random close packing" (RCP). This structure is of interest as a model for the arrangement of molecules in simple liquids and glasses, as well as the arrangement of particles in sand piles. We use confocal microscopy to study the arrangement of colloidal particles in an experimentally realized ...

Tobacco mosaic virus particles were found in small packets and in small numbers, with the electron microscope, in necrotic leaf cells of Nicotiana glutinosa when the samples were fixed in glutaraldehyde and postfixed in OsO(4), and the sections were stained with heavy metals. The numbers and size of the virus packets were increased greatly when the leaves were detached from the plant after inoc...

To a set of n points in the plane, one can associate a graph that has less than n2 vertices and has the property that k-cliques in the graph correspond vertex sets of convex k-gons in the point set. We prove an upper bound of 2k−1 on the size of a planar point set for which the graph has chromatic number k, matching the bound conjectured by Szekeres for the clique number. Constructions of Erdős...

The Strong Dirac conjecture, open in some form since 1951 [5], is that every set of n points in R includes a member incident to at least n/2 − c lines spanned by the set, for some universal constant c. The less frequently stated dual of this conjecture is that every arrangement of n lines includes a line incident to at least n/2 − c vertices of the arrangement. It is known that an arrangement o...

A simplicial arrangement of pseudolines is a collection of topological lines in the projective plane where each region that is formed is triangular. This paper refines and develops David Eppstein’s notion of a kaleidoscope construction for symmetric pseudoline arrangements to construct and analyze several infinite families of simplicial pseudoline arrangements with high degrees of geometric sym...