It is shown that the copropagating three-wave-mixing parametric process, with appropriate type-II extended phase matching and pumped with a short second-harmonic pulse, can perform spectral phase conjugation and parametric amplification, which shows a threshold behavior analogous to backward-wave oscillation. The process is also analyzed in the Heisenberg picture, which predicts a spontaneous p...

Spectral phase conjugation with short pump pulses in a third-order nonlinear material is analyzed in depth. It is shown that if signal amplification is considered, the conversion efficiency can be significantly higher than previously considered, while the spectral phase conjugation operation remains accurate. A novel method of compensating for cross-phase modulation, the main parasitic effect, ...

Nanoscale carriers are of increasing interest for use in anticancer therapy because they can deliver drugs in a targeted way. Ideally, nanocarriers combine passive and active delivery mechanisms, by integrating targeting ligands on the surface of their stealth corona using simple and efficient conjugation chemistry. This feature article summarizes the conventional and newly explored conjugation...

passive solar systems such as solar chimneys need solar radiation in order to work. therefore, they cannot present stable natural ventilation when solar energy vanishes: to have a more robust and stable condition, solar energy should be stored during the day and released back during the night. phase change materials can save additional thermal energy during the day and release it during the nig...