4. LIGAND 10 4.1. Direct versus indirect immobilisation 10 4.2. Covalent immobilisation 11 4.2.1. A general approach 11 4.2.2. Choice of chemistry 12 4.2.3. Prepare the protein 12 4.2.4. Pre-concentration 12 4.2.5. Amine coupling 14 4.2.6. Regeneration 15 4.2.7. Adjusting the immobilisation conditions. 16 4.3. Non-covalent immobilisation (ligand capture) 16 4.3.1. Using an existing strategy 17 ...

   Management of first shoulder dislocation following reduction remains controversial. The two main options are immobilisation and arthroscopic stabilisation. The aim of this article is to highlight some of the issues that influence decision making when discussing management options with these patients, including natural history of the first time dislocation, outcomes of surgery and non-operati...

Treatment decision of displaced proximal humeral fractures is based on bone quality, fracture pattern, degree of displacement and patient profile. The AO/ASIF fracture classification helps in guiding treatment. Nonsurgical treatment consists of sling immobilisation. Surgical options include closed reduction and percutaneous pinning, open reduction and internal fixation with either conventional ...

In this tutorial review, an overview of the why, what and how of enzyme immobilisation for use in biocatalysis is presented. The importance of biocatalysis in the context of green and sustainable chemicals manufacture is discussed and the necessity for immobilisation of enzymes as a key enabling technology for practical and commercial viability is emphasised. The underlying reasons for immobili...

INTRODUCTION There is a paucity of data regarding the risk of deep vein thrombosis during hip plaster cast immobilisation. The purpose of this article was to review the available evidence regarding the incidence of symptomatic venous thromboembolism (VTE) during hip plaster cast immobilisation. METHODS AND MATERIALS All papers describing hip plaster cast immobilisation published in the Englis...

OBJECTIVES To study the role of different components in normal human serum and the role of lysozyme in rapid immobilisation of Percoll purified T pallidum (Nichols). MATERIALS AND METHODS The immobilisation of Percoll purified T pallidum was studied after pre-incubations with different serum fractions (Fr) of normal human serum (Fr 1, containing IgM; Fr 2, containing IgG and a low level of ha...

Introduction ‘Awake’ extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is being used increasingly as a bridge to lung transplant (LuTx) to support refractory respiratory failure as an alternative to invasive mechanical ventilation and associated immobilisation and deconditioning which are associated with poor outcome. The ideal combination of ECMO cannulation and muscle training has yet to be determin...

OBJECTIVE The management of patients with penetrating neck injuries in the prehospital setting and in the emergency department has evolved with regard to the necessity for spinal immobilisation and the use of multidetector computed tomographic (MDCT) imaging. Questions also arise as to choices of securing a threatened or compromised airway. A structured review of the medical literature was cond...

The case of a patient aged 73 years who, following an accidental fall on a staircase, suffered an acute intraarticular dislocation in the left knee-cap is presented. This exceptional dislocation presented incarceration of the proximal kneecap pole in the femoral intercondylar groove. A reduction was carried out under general anaesthetic due to pain and muscular contraction in the attempts at re...