Nanostructured sensing arrays combined with patternrecognition analysis are expected to provide new opportunities for enhancing the design of sensor materials in terms of sensitivity and selectivity. This paper describes an example in which the sensory properties of the thin film assemblies are exceptionally fine-tunable in terms of nanoparticle size, composition, thickness, and spatial propert...

The human body is constantly challenged by a variety of commensal and pathogenic microorganisms that trigger the immune system. Central in the first line of defence is the patternrecognition receptor (PRR)-induced stimulation of the NFkB pathway, leading to NFkB activation. The subsequent production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and/or antimicrobial peptides results in recruitment of profession...

The ability to discriminate between selfand nonself-molecules is characteristic of all living organisms. This feature forms the basis for the activation of innate immune responses uponmicrobial attack. Ifmicrobes bypass the external physical barrier, plants have evolved two classes of immune receptors to detect nonself-molecules to prevent further pathogen progress. One class consists of membra...

This paper presents some simulation results of the evolution of 2D visual pattern recognizers to be implemented very shortly on real hardware, namely the \CAM-Brain Machine" (CBM), an FPGA based piece of evolvable hardware which implements a genetic algorithm (GA) to evolve a 3D cellular automata (CA) based neural network circuit module, of approximately 1,000 neurons, in about a second, i.e. a...

Mouse dynamicsdthe analysis of mouse operating behaviors to identify usersdhas been proposed for detecting impostors. Since many anomaly-detection algorithms have been proposed for this task, it is natural to ask how well these algorithms perform and how they compare with each other (e.g., to identify promising research directions). This paper presents a performance-evaluation study of a range ...

The Cognitive Information Processing Group works on problems related to the analysis, manipulation, and simulation of the sense data in certain human perceptual and cognitive processes. Our major interest is increased understanding of visual processes; in particular, the ways by which humans can recognize and interpret pictorial information. Thus we do research on electronic methods for simplif...

Driving styles have a great influence on vehicle fuel economy, active safety, and drivability. To recognize driving styles of path-tracking behaviors for different divers, a statistical pattern-recognition method is developed to deal with the uncertainty of driving styles or characteristics based on probability density estimation. First, to describe driver path-tracking styles, vehicle speed an...

We present a neural net algorithm for parameter estimation in the context of large cosmological data sets. Cosmological data sets present a particular challenge to patternrecognition algorithms since the input patterns (galaxy redshift surveys, maps of cosmic microwave background anisotropy) are not fixed templates overlaid with random noise, but rather are random realizations whose information...

Recordings of the Earth's surface oscillation as a function of time (seismograms) can be sonified by compressing time so that most of the signal's frequency spectrum falls in the audible range. The patternrecognition capabilities of the human auditory system can then be applied to the auditory analysis of seismic data. In this experiment, we sonify a set of seismograms associated with a magnitu...

Pulmonary surfactant protein A (SP-A) plays an important role in modulation of the innate immune system of the lung. Peptidoglycan (PGN), a cell wall component of Gram-positive bacteria, is known to elicit excessive proinflammatory cytokine production from immune cells. In this study we investigated whether SP-A interacts with PGN and alters PGN-elicited cellular responses. Binding studies demo...