We propose a novel approach to pedestrian flow characterization. The definitions of density, flow and velocity existing in the literature are extended through a data-driven spatio-temporal discretization framework. The framework is based on three-dimensional Voronoi diagrams. The new definitions are (i) independent from an arbitrarily chosen discretization; (ii) appropriate for the multi-direct...

Traffic jam caused by self-propelled particles is a research topic of broad interest. Cellular automata models are used for the simulation and analysis. One of the popular models is the floor field model. We add the rule of avoiding high density among particles to the model and show that it enables simulating a more realistic situation.

OBJECTIVES Initiatives to increase active school transportation are popular. However, increased walking to school could increase collision risk. The built environment is related to both pedestrian collision risk and walking to school. We examined the influence of the built environment on walking to school and child pedestrian collisions in Toronto, Canada. METHODS Police-reported pedestrian c...

BACKGROUND Pediatric pedestrian injuries remain a major cause of childhood death, hospitalization, and disability. To target injury prevention efforts, it is imperative to identify those children at risk. Racial disparities have been noted in the rates of pediatric pedestrian injury and death. Children from low-income families living in dense, urban residential neighborhoods have a higher risk ...

We present a novel pedestrian representation based on a new model of pedestrian motion coupled with a geometric optimization method. The model of pedestrian motion seeks to capture the underlying physiological and psychological factors which give rise to the fundamental diagram — the phenomenon that pedestrian speed reduces as density increases. The optimization method computes collision-free v...

OBJECTIVES The goal of this study is to explore the relationship between pedestrian injuries and socioeconomic characteristics. METHODS Pedestrian collisions were identified in the data of the California Statewide Integrated Traffic Records System (SWITRS), which is assembled from police crash reports by the California Highway Patrol Information Services Unit. Four thousand crashes were ident...

CONTEXT Considering the importance of pedestrian traffic crashes and the role of environmental factors in the frequency of crashes, this paper aimed to review the published evidence and synthesize the results of related studies for the associations between environmental factors and distribution of pedestrian-vehicular traffic crashes. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION We searched all epidemiological studi...

In design and analysis, standard references assume the pedestrian flow as unidirectional. In reality however, pedestrian flow is usually bi-directional. The main question pursued in this paper is that whether the main characteristics of pedestrian flow the same under uni- and bi-directional conditions. In order to achieve this goal, effect of bi-directional stream is inv...

Observation in absolute darkness and daytime under every atmospheric situation is one of the advantages of thermal imaging systems. In spite of increasing trend of using these systems, there are still lots of difficulties in analysing thermal images due to the variable features of pedestrians and atmospheric situations. In this paper an efficient method is proposed for detecting pedestrians in ...

[email protected] [email protected] Abstract We propose a two-tier data analysis approach for estimating distribution of pedestrian locations in an indoor space using multiple pedestrian detection and tracking. Multiple pedestrian detection uses laser measurement for sensing pedestrians in a heavily occluded environment which is usually the case with most indoor environments. . We adapt a ...