Layer-by-layer (LBL) self-assembly technique has been proved to be a highly effective method to immobilize the main components of the extracellular matrix such as collagen and hyaluronic acid on titanium-based implants and form a polyelectrolyte multilayer (PEM) film by electrostatic interaction. However, the formed PEM film is unstable in the physiological environment and affects the long-time...

Abstract. Tropospheric vertical structure was analyzed using in situ measurements of 03, CO, CH4, and H20 taken on board the NASA DC-8 aircraft during three Pacific Exploratory Missions (PEMs): PEM-West A, September-October 1991 in the western Pacific; PEM-West B, FebruaryMarch 1994 in the western Pacific; and PEM-Tropics A, September-October 1996 in the central and eastern Pacific. PEM-Tropics...

As performance advances achievable through chip fabrication technology are reaching their limits, other areas of system design need to be explored. Several different possibilities exist. Our research in the context of the DARPA HPCS project PERCS [11] aims at an infrastructure to characterize and understand the interactions between hardware and software and to affect optimizations based on thos...

Polarized cortical mRNA determinants such as maternal macho-1 and pem-1 in ascidians, like budding yeast mating factor ASH1 reside on the cER-mRNA domain a subdomain of cortical Endoplasmic Reticulum(ER) and are translated in its vicinity. Using high resolution imaging and isolated cortical fragments prepared from eggs and embryos we now find that macho-1 and pem-1 RNAs co-localize with phospho...

The Crustacean hyperglycemic hormone (CHH) has been shown to exist as multiple molecular forms in several crustacean species. In Penaeus monodon, a gene encoding CHH (so-called Pem-CHH1) was recently described. In this study, the molecular structures of two other CHH genes (Pem-CHH2 and Pem-CHH3) are reported. Both the Pem-CHH2 and Pem-CHH3 genes contain three exons that are separated by two in...

BACKGROUND Protein-energy malnutrition (PEM) results from food insufficiency as well as from poor social and economic conditions. Development of PEM is due to insufficient nutrition. Children with PEM lose their resistance to infections because of a disordered immune system. It has been reported that the changes occurring in mediators referred to as cytokines in the immune system may be indicat...

Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) are typically designed as a two-chamber system with the bacteria in the anode chamber separated from the cathode chamber by a polymeric proton exchange membrane (PEM). Most MFCs use aqueous cathodes where water is bubbled with air to provide dissolved oxygen to electrode. To increase energy output and reduce the cost of MFCs, we examined power generation in an air-ca...

Polioencephalomalacia (PEM), also known as cerebrocortical necrosis, is an important neurologic disease that affects ruminants. Thiamine deficiency and sulfur (S) toxicity have been well recognized as major etiological factors. The mechanism of thiamine deficiency associated PEM has been well elucidated. However, the role of S in PEM pathogenesis remains unclear, although the relationship betwe...

Protein-energy malnutrition (PEM) is a common post-stroke problem. PEM can independently induce a systemic acute-phase response, and pre-existing malnutrition can exacerbate neuroinflammation induced by brain ischemia. In contrast, the effects of PEM developing in the post-ischemic period have not been studied. Since excessive inflammation can impede brain remodeling, we investigated the effect...

Positron emission mammography (PEM) is a form of positron emission tomography (PET) that uses a high-resolution, mini-camera detection technology for imaging the breast. As with PET, PEM provides functional rather than anatomic information on the breast. This policy will address the use of PEM for presurgical planning and staging, monitoring response to therapy, and monitoring for recurrence of...