Absfracf -Memoryless communicat ion channels with arbitrary alphabets where each input symbol is assigned a cost are considered. The max imum number of bits that can he transmitted reliably through the channel per unit cost is studied. It is shown that if the input alphabet contains a zero-cost symbol, then the capacity per unit cost admits a simple expression as the max imum normalized diverge...

We compute the rate of supernovae (SNe) of different types along the Hubble sequence normalized to the near-infrared luminosity and to the stellar mass of the parent galaxies. This is made possible by the new complete catalog of near-infrared galaxy magnitudes obtained by 2MASS. We find that the rates of all SN types, including Ia, Ib/c and II, show a sharp dependence on both the morphology and...