the aim of this study was to determine the best interpolation method to achieve spatial and quality distribution of springs from point view (tds) and ph in mirdeh watershed nw kurdistan province. field sampling collections was done and 268 springs of total 904 springs of whole watershed selected randomly. electrical conductivity and ph of springs was determined and 168 springs was used as train...

springs are the important water resources, which thier study is necessary in terms of their management and exploitation. in northern iran, the karst springs locate in the central alborz highlands and alluvial springs on the caspian southern coasts.the karst and alluvial springs discharge is variable because of different conditions in terms of aquifer, topography and precipitation .this study ha...

kolah ghazi national park is one of the most important habitats for wild goat in iran with a population of around 2000 heads. in order to model the habitat for this species, a presence only layer was used as input to enfa method in biomapper software. ecogeographic factors were also used as independent variables including plant community, distribution of predators, geomorphologic features, main...

Due to the increased demand for a sustainable source of energy, research on energy harvesting has in last twenty years. Energy aims gain from ambient environment and convert this into electrical power. There are different kinds renewable sources vibration (VEH) is most promising owing its low maintenance cost. This paper focuses an electromagnetic harvester based concept rotational harvesting. ...

Vegetation coverage can be inappropriately used, especially in the absence of proper planning, and can result in a reduction of the occupied area. Demographic and economic alterations are factors that contribute to the degradation of vegetation coverage in landscape units. In addition, because vegetation is essential for protection of recharge areas in aquifers, the fragmentation of habitats in...

Springs are the important water resources, which thier study is necessary in terms of their management and exploitation. In northern Iran, the karst springs locate in the central Alborz highlands and alluvial springs on the Caspian southern coasts.The Karst and alluvial springs discharge is variable because of different conditions in terms of aquifer, topography and precipitation .This study ha...

in this study multivariate statistical analysis are used to characterize relationships between hydrochemical properties ofthermal and non-thermal springs. four factors for thermal waters and two for non-thermal springs were extracted basedon factor analysis. in thermal springs, the first factor showed high loading on ca, mg, na and k and this factor wasinterpreted as leaching of cations in the ...

The Pleistocene global dispersal of modern humans required the transit of arid and semiarid regions where the distribution of potable water provided a primary constraint on dispersal pathways. Here, we provide a spatially explicit continental-scale assessment of the opportunities for Pleistocene human occupation of Australia, the driest inhabited continent on Earth. We establish the location an...