landscape architect mohammad shaheer (1948-2015) was the principal consultant in the restoration of several historic gardens in india and afghanistan. this article presents his particular approaches and methods in three landscape restoration projects: humayun’s tomb gardens and sunder nursery central axis in delhi, and babur garden in kabul.shaheer had a deep understanding of persian garden and...

This paper will concentrate on the result of a research based on comparative study between two Persian gardens in different micro climates in arid regions. Sustainability could be observed in many aspects and elements of traditional Iranian architecture and landscape architecture, and this method of design has used to solve many problems for many centuries. Gardens of Iran have had special role...

this study aims at investigating voices in the persian translation of katherine mansfield's the garden party. in so doing, after a stylistic analysis of the voices in the original is done, it is argued by the authors that the polyphonous nature of the story is to a great extent due to the deployment of various sociolects in the story as well as the choice of free indirect discourse (fid) as the...

Veronica persica Poiret (Family: Scrophulariaceae), the `Common Field Speedwella or `Persian speedwella, is a neophytic weed originally from south-west Asia and widely distributed in the temperate regions (USDA-ARS GRIN database, 1999; Fischer, 1987; Holm et al., 1979). The plants were garden weeds and collected in #ower near Aberystwyth (Tyn-y-Graig, Wales), and a voucher specimen (N9623) of t...

Respect and reverence for water and trees are institutionalised in many ancient civilisations due to socio-cultural traditions, values and beliefs. In Iranian societies, respect for trees and water, separately and in composite form as gardens, is a well-known cultural value both before and after Islam. Therefore, the first part of this paper explains the value and importance of plants and ga...

Historic gardens have the ability to provide several ecosystem services in cities, including provisioning (i.e., food production). The historic Iran (known as “Persian Gardens”) never been considered places that could be used for production. As a result, purpose of this paper is investigate whether Iranian gardens’ spatial and structural layout suitable modern urban gardening. We conducted fiel...

it seems impossible to think of the persian art without mentioning the significant presence of gardens. they are present in miniature painting, architecture, and literature. one of the modern works of persian fiction in which gardens play a significant role is malakut (1961), a novella by the modern iranian fiction writer bahram sadeqi (1936-1984). the story of this novella begins in a “green g...

As previous years, Dip 5 will continue with the redefinition of what was formerly known as public space, trying to reactivate the physical realm of the common, nowadays kidnapped by economic and political agents. The origin of the word paradise gets back to ancient Persia, and to the Avestian term pairi-daêza, composed by pairi, "around" and diz "to construct", literally enclosed space, that wa...