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PURPOSE To define the variations of the courses of the cranial nerves and the inferior petrosal sinuses as they enter and traverse the jugular foramen. METHODS Thirty-nine cadaveric specimens containing the jugular foramen were scanned with 1-mm contiguous axial and coronal CT sections. Each specimen was dissected to evaluate the position of the cranial nerves and inferior petrosal sinus as t...

Bilateral inferior petrosal sinus sampling is the gold standard diagnostic assay in identifying the pituitary source of adrenocorticotropic hormone secretion in Cushing syndrome. The noninvasive assays used in the workup of Cushing syndrome are often misleading or ambiguous, yielding sensitivities of up to only 80%. Inferior petrosal sinus sampling, however, is highly accurate a...

BACKGROUND Normal values of the jugular bulb oxygen saturation were obtained in 1942 and in 1963. Correct catheter positioning was not confirmed radiologically. OBJECTIVES To replicate the measurements during angiographic catheterisation of the jugular bulb. METHODS Oxygen saturation in the jugular bulb (SjO(2)), inferior petrosal sinus (SipsO(2)), and internal jugular vein was bilaterally ...

A 72 year old gentleman was referred for an MRI study of the brain for evaluation of long standing trigeminal neuralgia and right sided 6th nerve paralysis of more than 2 year duration. He had a history of deep venous thrombosis of the lower limbs for which he had been on warfarin which was later discontinued. There were no findings suggestive of raised intracranial pressure. MRI revealed throm...

The clinical manifestations of dural arteriovenous fistulas (dAVFs) are highly variable and dependent on the hemodynamic properties location fistula. locations fistula numerous include cavernous sinus, transverse–sigmoid superior sagittal inferior petrosal sinuses, anterior condylar confluence, tentorium, cranial fossa, middle foramen magnum, cranio-cervical junction, convexity, spinal cord. Th...

Simultaneous bilateral inferior petrosal sinus sampling (BIPSS) plays a crucial role in the diagnostic work-up of Cushing's syndrome. It is the most accurate procedure in the differential diagnosis of hypercortisolism of pituitary or ectopic origin, as compared with clinical, biochemical and imaging analyses, with a sensitivity and specificity of 88-100% and 67-100%, respectively. In the settin...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Normal hemodynamic features of the superior petrosal sinus and their relationships to the SPS drainage from cavernous sinus dural arteriovenous fistulas are not well known. We investigated normal hemodynamic features of the SPS on cerebral angiography as well as the frequency and types of the SPS drainage from CSDAVFs. MATERIALS AND METHODS We evaluated 119 patients who...

A 59-year-old female presented with progressive right proptosis, chemosis and ocular pain. An imaging work-up including conventional catheter angiography showed a right-sided dural arteriovenous fistula of the cavernous sinus, which drained into the right superior petrosal sinus, right superior ophthalmic vein, and right inferior ophthalmic vein, and cortical venous reflux was seen via the righ...