Phospholipase A2 (PLA2) induces hyper-sensitivity to muscarinic agonists in airway smooth muscle in vitro. The precise mechanism of this is unknown, but might involve altered calcium homeostasis. In order to elucidate the effects of PLA2, on bovine tracheal smooth muscle contraction, isometric tension and intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i) were simultaneously measured in fura 2-loade...

Resident mouse peritoneal macrophages have three phospholipase activities: a phospholipase A2 active at pH 4.5, a Ca2+-dependent phospholipase A2 active at pH 8.5 and a phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C activity. When macrophages are exposed to zymosan in culture, the cellular activity of pH-4.5 phospholipase A2 is diminished in a manner dependent on zymosan concentration and time o...

Calcium dependent phospholipase A2 activity in the mixed micelles of 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-phosphatidylglycerol and cholate was measured in sera of 39 patients with Crohn's disease, 40 patients with ulcerative colitis, and 40 healthy controls. The phospholipase A2 activity was significantly raised in those sera of the patients with active Crohn's disease and those with moderate and severe ulcera...

Pig phospholipase A2, pig iso-phospholipase A2 and bovine pancreatic phospholipase A2 were reacted in solution with 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide, in the presence of N-hydroxysulfosuccinimide, at pH 7. The influence of micellar protectants was analyzed. In the presence of n-hexadecylphosphocholine, the losses of activity in micellar diheptanoyl-lecithin were 80, 35, and 10% in b...

We investigated which of the major actions of local anesthetics (i.e., inhibition of phospholipase A2, interaction with Ca++ channels or blockade of receptor) was responsible for the inhibition of acetylcholine-induced desensitization in guinea pig ileal longitudinal muscle. Desensitization was inhibited by amine local anesthetics and related compounds in the order of potency quinacrine > chlor...

Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) are a fast growing therapy used in several types of malignancies. The majority immune related adverse events observed the kidney due to acute interstitial nephritis. Glomerular diseases although less common have also been described. Case Presentation: We present case phospholipase A2 receptor positive membranous nephropathy triggered by ICI cemipli...