M. Warzecha: Department of Metals Extraction and Recirculation, Czestochowa University of Technology, Czestochowa, Poland T. Merder: Silesian University of Technology, Department of Metallurgy, Katowice, Poland The tundish pla ys an impor tant role in the challeng ing task of a “clean steel” production process. The fl ow of the liquid steel in tundish has a crucial infl uence on non-metallic in...

Nozzle clogging is a serious productivity and quality problem in continuous casting. This work reviews the causes, effects, and solutions to clogging in continuous casting nozzles. The results of a one-dimensional, steady state analysis of the heat loss from the molten steel stream through the nozzle wall are discussed. The analyses show that steel may freeze within the clog matrix for a relati...

Continuous casting is the central process phase with strong influence on the final quality of the steel products. Several different models for continuous casting have been developed at the Laboratory of Metallurgy at Helsinki University of Technology (TKK) concerning e.g. fluid flow, heat transfer, thermodynamic equilibria and statistical approaches. In this paper the inhouse solidification mod...

The mechanism of inclusion removal from liquid steel by gas bubbling and bubble attachment in the tundish is complex due to the great number of variables involved, and it is even more difficult to study because of the turbulent flow conditions. The main objective of this work is to analyze and improve the understanding of the alumina inclusion removal rate by bubble attachment and by gas bubbli...

BACKGROUND The thermal burn is accidental and also is the hidden and worst complication of medical plaster application. This study evaluated clinical and aetiological profile and severity of plaster burns. METHODS In Department of Burns, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery from 1st August 2014 to 31st December 2015, six patients with plaster burn were assessed for total body surface area and ...

A series of industrial trials argon injection into ladle shroud (AIILS) with different argon-blowing rates were conducted in this study. Firstly, bubbles actual liquid steel the tundish captured by method “cold plate dipping” and characterized microscope examination. detailed investigation on three-dimension morphology was carried out using computerized tomography (ICT). Then, two-phase flow ga...