A method was developed to assess leaching of several poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) plasticizers in aqueous media using gas chromatography (GC), and compared to a gravimetric standard test method (ASTM Method D1239). The GC method was a more direct measurement of plasticizer concentration in the aqueous phase. The leaching of commercial plasticizers, as well as several series of "green" candidate p...

BDNPF/A is a useful energetic plasticizer, but mixed formal, which consists of BDNPF, DNPBF, and BDNBF, is anticipated to be better than BDNPF/A in chemically, thermally and economically. Last year, we successfully synthesized and characterized the mixed formal that has minimum contents of diformal. It is well known that the existing mixed formal always has an 8 ~ 10 % of diformal. At first, we...

In this investigation, the effects of formulation and processing factors on the adhesion between polyurethane (PU) and plasticized poly(vinyl chloride) (pPVC) layers was studied using the Taguchi method for experimental design. Among the many factors, nine parameters were screened and tested at two or three levels, taking advantage of the Taguchi L27 orthogonal array. The factors studied were P...

The purpose of this work was to study the effect of various permeation enhancers on the permeation of salbutamol sulphate (SS) buccal patches through buccal mucosa in order to improve the bioavailability by avoiding the first pass metabolism in the liver and possibly in the gut wall and also achieve a better therapeutic effect. The influence of various permeation enhancers, such as dimethyl sul...

OBJECTIVES A Box-Behnken design was used for evaluation of Eudragit coated diclofenac pellets. The purpose of this work was to optimize diclofenac pellets to improve the physicochemical properties using experimental design. MATERIALS AND METHODS Diclofenac was loaded onto the non-pareil beads using conventional coating pan. Film coating of pellets was done at the same pan. The effect of plast...

Earlier work with pure cultures had shown that the interaction of microbes with plasticizers leads to the formation of metabolites including 2-ethylhexanoic acid and 2-ethylhexanol that resist further degradation. The presence of these metabolites is now reported in a variety of environmental samples. Thus, even in a complex ecosystem, when plasticizers are degraded, the breakdown is not comple...

Liquid -caprolactone (CL) oligomers were synthesized by a ring-opening reaction of CL using a propylene glycol (PPG) as the initiator for use as new plasticizers of poly (L-lactide) (PLA) films. PPG-CL oligomers containing two (PPG-2CL) and four (PPG-4CL) units of CL at both PPG end-chains were prepared. The PLA/oligomer blend films were prepared by solution blending before film casting. The t...

Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC)–coated papers without plasticizer and plasticized with polyols were prepared, and the effects of coating weight, different plasticizers (glycerol (GLY), sorbitol (SOR), and polyethylene glycol (PEG)), and plasticizer contents (20% to 50%) on the physical and mechanical properties of the resulting biopolymer-coated papers were studied. Coating weight was the ...

Plasticizers are commonly added to poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) and other brittle polymers to improve their flexibility and processing properties. Phthalate plasticizers such as di(2-ethylhexyl phthalate) (DEHP) are the most common PVC plasticizers and have recently been linked to a wide range of developmental and reproductive toxicities in mammals. Our group has developed several replacement com...