While the equation above is correct, it is not very useful for incremental updates since the equation above updates the checksum C, rather than the 1’s complement of the checksum, ̃C, which is the value stored in the checksum field. In addition, it suffers because the notation does not clearly specify that all arithmetic, including the unary negation, must be performed one’s complement, and so i...

In a call for greater anthropological study of the body, Scheper-Hughes and Lock (1987) argue for examination of three, interrelated bodily forms: the body-self, the social body, and the body politic. Anthropologists of aging can most easily identify our work in the body-self when we study aging as a bodily and social experience that varies across cultural contexts (e.g. Sokolovsky 2009). The s...

Internet communication plays a considerable part in economic, financial and even politic domains. It is greatly influencing the politic revolution of many Arabic countries. That allows Internet communication to take more and more scale especially in an Arabic context. In this case, we notice that Internet communication is based on textual interchange using Arabic dialects more than Arabic langu...

Briefly, Moslem world has been left behind in many aspects, politic, economy, education, more over sciences and technology. One of the ways out proposed by contemporal Muslim Thinkers, such as Naquib al-Attas Islamail Raji al-Faruqi, is that should integrate empirical religous science. The Integration aims at elimanating dichotomy between sciences, so can develope two well build both rational c...

When the degree of intersections A∩B of events A,B is unknown arises a problem: how to evaluate the probability P(A ∩ B) and P(A ∩B) from P(A) and P(B). To treat related problems two models of valuation: interval and paired probabilities are proposed. It is shown that the valuation corresponding to the set operations ∩ (intersection), ∪ (union) and ∼ (complement) can be described by the truth f...

An efficient chiral squaramide-catalysed enantioselective Michael addition of pyrazolin-5-ones to 3-nitro-2H-chromenes for the synthesis of chiral heterocyclic systems containing both chroman and pyrazolone derivatives has been developed. This reaction afforded the desired products in high to excellent yields (up to 98%) with high enantioselectivities (up to 96%) and excellent diastereoselectiv...