An eco-evolutionary feedback loop is defined as the reciprocal impacts of ecology on evolutionary dynamics and evolution on ecological dynamics on contemporary timescales. We experimentally tested for an eco-evolutionary feedback loop in the green peach aphid, Myzus persicae, by manipulating initial densities and evolution. We found strong evidence that initial aphid density alters the rate and...

a field experiment was conducted at wondo genet agriculture research center under irrigated condition to determine the effect of intra and inter-row spacing on growth and yield of artemisia (artemisia annua l.) during the two successive seasons of 2013 and 2014. factorial combinations of four intra-rows (40, 60, 80, 100 cm) and four inter-row plant spacing’s (60, 80, 100, 120 cm) were laid out ...

taro (colocasiaesculental. schott) is a perennial root crop that belongs to araceace family. it is widely cultivated as a staple food in africa, asia and pacific islands. despite its importance, there is limited information on many aspects of the crop. in order to obtain data that can support improved and sustainable taro production, a field trial was conducted to study the effects of corm size...

the population density and spatial distribution pattern of empoasca decipiens paoli were etermined in tehran area, iran, during 2004-2005 on four species of common bean phaseolus vulgaris (l.) var. talash, lima bean p. lunatus (l.) savi ex hassk. var. sadaf, rice bean p. calcaratus roxb. var. goli and cowpea vigna sinensis (l.) var. parastoo. the higher and lower mean population densities of e....

population density and spatial distribution of thrips tabaci lindeman on seven soybean varieties (williams, tellar, sahar, dpx, l17, sari and zane) and one genotype (ks3494) were studied in tehran region, during 2007. the highest population density of the thrips per leaf was recorded on dpx and on ks3494 (0.810.05 and 0.800.05, respectively). the lowest population density was observed on l17 ...

the population densities and spatial distribution patterns of zetzellia pourmirzai khanjani and ueckermann and its preys cenopalpus irani dosse and bryobia rubrioculus (scheuten) were studied in a sprayed orchard in kermanshah, a western province of iran, from 31 may till 7 november, 2007. the interaction (density dependence) between the plant feeding mites and their predator was determined as ...

iran is a large country with a total area of 1,645,000 square kilometers. the country’s population is estimated at about 31 millions. there is an uneven distribution of the population, varying from 2 to 50 per square kilometer. sixty per cent of the total population (18 millions) is living in nearly 66,000 small and large village’s scattered throughout the country. a total of 10,000 physicians ...

in order to evaluate the possible correlation between the tree density and the human population density, the forested area in nav asalem district located in guilan province was selected. the descriptors of tree number and basal area per hectare as well as the stand density index were used to determine the tree density, which was conducted from a 2014 forest inventory including 62 cluster (558 p...

Several predator species at risk of extinction in Southwestern Europe are dependent on the population density of European wild rabbits Oryctolagus cuniculus. Rabbit populations in the region, however, have recently undergone dramatic decreases in population density, which may be exacerbated by hunting. Current hunting policies set the autumn–winter season, just before the start of rabbit reprod...

OBJECTIVES We sought to examine characteristics of neighborhoods with changing older adult populations. METHODS We used 30 years (1980-2011) of data from four U.S. cities (n=392 neighborhoods; Birmingham, AL; Chicago, IL; Minneapolis, MN; Oakland, CA) and finite mixture modeling to identify trajectory classes: neighborhoods with "stable", declining, or increasing older adult populations (≥65 ...