We extend the classes of standard discreteand continuous-time input/state/ output matrix systems by adding reverse internal and/or external channels. The reverse internal channel permits the impulse response to contain a differentiating part, and the reverse external channel allows us to include inputs which are forced to be zero and outputs which are undetermined. The purpose of this extension...

enjoying attractive algebraic properties, such as a striking arithmetic-geometric mean (AGM) relation and elegant connections with elliptic-function theory. But the fraction also presents an intriguing computational challenge. Herein we show how to rapidly evaluate R for any triple of positive reals a, b, η. Even in the problematic scenario when a ≈ b certain transformations allow rapid evaluat...

For the confining phase of SU(2) Yang-Mills thermodynamics we show that the asymptotic series representing the pressure is Borel summable for negative (unphysical) values of a suitably defined coupling constant. The inverse Borel transform is meromorphic except for a branch cut along the positive-real axis. The physical pressure is precisely nil at vanishing and acquires a small imaginary admix...

We have investigated the contributions of CuO planes and CuO chains on the transport properties of YBa Cu O by 2 2 4 8 Ž . Ž . measuring the electrical resistivity and thermoelectric power S of Y Pr Ba Cu Zn O , Y Ca Ba Cu O and 1yx x 2 1yy y 4 8 1yx x 2 4 8 Ž . YBa Cu Ga O . Pr reduces the mobile carrier concentration in the CuO planes in YBa Cu O , as a consequence, the 2 1yx x 4 8 2 2 4 8 Ž ...

the objective of this study is to derive a money demand function compatible with the islamic economic rules, i.e., prohibition of reba. this rule, evidently eliminates the loan market from the economy.therefore, we propose that the islamic financial markets could link the real and nominal sectors of the economy and provide the information needed by both the financial intermediaries and the cent...