1. The possible natriuretic and kaliuretic effects of a single dose of lithium, as used in lithium clearance studies, were investigated in 15 healthy subjects on fixed sodium (100 mmol/24 h) and potassium (70 mmol/24 h) intakes. Lithium carbonate (300 mg or 600 mg) or placebo tablets were administered, double-blind and in random order, midway through a 48 h urine collection (divided into six 8 ...

Both K and Ca supplementation may have beneficial effects on bone through separate mechanisms. K in the form of citrate or bicarbonate affects bone by neutralising the acid load caused by a high protein intake or a low intake of alkalising foods, i.e. fruits and vegetables. Ca is known to decrease serum parathyroid hormone (S-PTH) concentration and bone resorption. We compared the effects of ca...

 A simple, mild and practical procedure has been developed for the synthesis of symmetrical and unsymmetrical ethers by using DMSO, TBAI in the presence of K2CO3. We extended the utility of  Potassium carbonate as an efficient base for the preparation of ethers. A wide range of alkyl aryl and dialkyl ethers are synthesized from treatment of aliphatic alcohols and phenols with various alkyl hali...

gasification (BBLG). One particularly harsh application is linings for gasifiers used in the treatment of black liquor (BL). Black liquor is a water solution of the non-cellulose portion of the wood (mainly lignin) and the spent pulping chemicals (Na2CO3, K2CO3, and Na2S). Development of new refractory materials for the black liquor gasification (BLG) application is a critical issue for imp...

The adsorption of gold onto activated charcoal is most dependent on the concentration and character of the 'spectator' cations present in the adsorption medium. In the presence of calcium ions, gold is adsorbed as the calcium aurocyanide complex. The degree to which the aurocyanide complexes are adsorbed follows the series Ca> Mt:> H> Li> Na> K, calcium aurocyanide being the most stable complex...

Effect of high doses of lithium carbonate (40 rag/Kg.i.p. and p.o.) and lithium chloride (40 mg/Kg.i.p.) on renal and extra-renal functions were studied in normal male Charles Foster Strain of rats. Insignificant effect on urine output, creatinine clerance, sodium, potassium and lithium excretion was observed with these salts. Antidiuretic hormone levels were also not effected. However lithium ...

Cubic diamond was synthesized with two systems, (1) graphite with pure magnesium carbonate (magnesite) and (2) graphite with mixed potassium and magnesium carbonate at pressures and temperatures above 9.5 GPa, 1600 ±C and 9 GPa, 1650 ±C, respectively. At these conditions (1) the pure magnesite is solid, whereas (2) the mixed carbonate exists as a melt. In this pressure range, graphite seems to ...

a general, mild and efficient protocol has been developed for the synthesis of esters and thioesters. the process has been taking place using tetra n-butylammonium iodide (tbai) as a phase-transfer catalyst and in the presence of potassium carbonate (k2co3). a wide range of esters and thioesters was prepared in high yields and suitable times by the treatment of alcohols, phenols and thiols with...

The method was that of Pisano et al. (1962) as described by Sandler and Ruthven (1963). 4-Hydroxy-3-methoxymandelic acid was obtained from Calbiochem (A Grade) and ethyl acetate A.R. (Analar) was used. For the purpose of this investigation, an acidified aqueous solution of V.M.A., saturated with sodium chloride, was extracted with ethyl acetate (30 ml.) which had been treated in various ways be...