Drilling tools currently used in surgery depends only on the surgeon’s manual skills to stop the penetration when completing a hole. This paper presents a modular mechatronic system for automatic bone drilling in surgery. The development of a “modular system” that is compatible with motor-driven drills that are commercially available, rather than developing a new surgical drill, is emphasized. ...

The escalation hypothesis posits that predation by increasingly powerful and metabolically active carnivores has been a major driver of metazoan evolution. We test a key tenet of this hypothesis by analyzing predatory drill holes in fossil marine shells, which provide a ~500-million-year record of individual predator-prey interactions. We show that drill-hole size is a robust predictor of body ...

Scarab is a prospecting rover for lunar missions to survey resources, particularly water ice, in polar craters. It is designed for the deployment of a deep coring drill and for transport of soil analysis instruments. Its chassis can transform to stabilize the drill in contact with the ground and can also adjust to ascend and descent steep slopes of unconsolidated soil. Additional features inclu...

Due to ultraviolet flux in the surface layers of most solar bodies, future astrobiological research is increasingly seeking to conduct subsurface penetration and drilling to detect chemical signature for extant or extinct life. To address this issue, we present a micro-penetrator concept (mass < 10 kg) that is suited for extraterrestrial planetary deployment and in situ investigation of chemica...

In today’s world, the leading industries are very much concerned about reducing down-time and increasing the productivity as well as the quality. To increase the product quality, the tool should have good performance. Drilling process is widely used in the manufacturing operations in all the manufacturing industries. In this study, two Hidden Markov Models (HMM) such as bar-graph method and the...

High power carbon dioxide lasers have successfully been used in drilling or cutting ngineering materials such as metals, polymers and ceramics over the years. Can a arbon dioxide laser be used to efficiently drill different rocks in a deep gas well? esearch sponsored by US Department of Energy has been carried out to answer this uestion. This paper will report the study results of using a super...

Among the power drills (Electrical/Pneumatic/Battery) used in Orthopedic surgery, battery drill has got several advantages. Surgeons in low resource settings could not routinely use Orthopedic battery drills (OBD) due to the prohibitive cost of good drills or poor quality of other drills. "Hardware" or Engineering battery drill (HBD) is a viable alternative to OBD. HBD is easy to procure, rugge...

Due to ultraviolet flux in the surface layers of most solar bodies, future astrobiological research is increasingly seeking to conduct subsurface penetration, drilling and sampling to detect chemical signature for extant or extinct life. To address this issue, we present a micro-penetrator concept (mass < 10 kg) that is suited for extraterrestrial planetary deployment and in situ investigation ...

Future NASA exploration missions to Mars, Europa, Titan, comets, and asteroids will perform sampling, in-situ analysis and possibly the return of material to Earth for further tests. One of the major limitations of sampling in low gravity environments is that conventional drills need high axial force. An ultrasonic/sonic driller/corer (USDC) mechanism was developed to address these and other li...