Film grain is an essential part of real images. The artifacts it introduces add character to images, which can otherwise appear too perfect. This paper considers the synthesis of film grain based upon its noise-power spectrum, producing grain fields which approximate real film over a range of enlargements and densities. We also identify limitations of the noise-power spectrum in that it fails t...

Frequency of noise can affect human beings in different ways. The sound of firecrackers is a type of intensive impulsive noise, which is hazardous. In this paper, the noise produced by firecrackers during celebration festivals in Aurangabad (M.S.), India is measured. The noise is analyzed from the study of power spectra for different types of firecrackers. Noise measurements of firecrackers sho...

This paper addresses the problem of the mismatch between a silence model and background noises which often occurs in a telephone speech recognition system (SRS) application. At first, the use of parallel model combination (PMC) methods is studied with the respect to this application. Secondly, the effective adaptation of a silence model to various background noises is confirmed. Finally, an ori...

In this contribution the Minimum Statistics noise power spectral density estimator [1] is revised for the particular case of highly correlated data which is observed for example when framewise processing with considerable frame overlap is performed. For this special case the noise power estimator tends to underestimate the noise power. We identify the variance estimator in the Minimum Statistic...

In many public areas, public address systems play a central role in broadcasting important messages. Consider e.g., airports or train stations. The intelligibility of messages broadcast by such public address systems gets reduced due to environmental noise sources. Usually, these systems therefore employ a pre-processing module to modify the original message such that its intelligibility in the...

Wind power generation systems influence power quality in a specific way making important the need for detailed and accurate evaluation of disturbances caused by wind generators. Wind power system can cause suband interharmonic components to appear in the spectrum of voltages and currents. The paper shows different aspects of spectrum estimation in power systems, including the doubly fed inducti...

Performances of ∆Σ modulators are evaluated by applying a coherently sampled tone and by estimating powers of the in–band tones and noise. In particular, the power of the shaped noise is usually estimated by subtracting the evaluated input tone from the output data and by integrating the power spectral density estimated by means of the periodogram. Although the coherency, the finite number of p...