This paper describes the integration of power electronic and energy storage applications in distribution substations. Auxiliary circuits must provide motor-driven power switches, protection relays and telecontrol systems with constant power supply, thus minimising power outages and their negative effects on consumers. Requirements on the apparatus are proportional to the distributed voltage lev...

Systems have traditionally been analyzed assuming only one player, i.e. the defender maximizing system reliability facing exogenously fixed factors related to technology, nature, weather, culture, etc. After the September 11, 2001 attack realizations emerge that whereas one set of players work to ensure system reliability, another set of players oppose system reliability. This paper thus provid...

With the desire to integrate power converters into larger systems, high power density became a very important issue. In this paper we discuss the thermal limits of the power density of converter systems. It is shown that these limits are partly given by today’s technology and partly given by physics. Employing the given equations, one can quickly estimate the maximum possible power density of a...

3.4.

Consider a graph G in which each vertex is either a supply vertex or a demand vertex and is assigned a supply or a demand. Such a graph G is called a power supply network. All the supplies and demands are nonnegative constant numbers in an ordinary network, called a steady network [1].This thesis introduces a parametric power supply network, in which all the supplies and demands are functions o...

This paper describes the architecture and implementation of a DC-Uninterruptible Power Source (DC-UPS) designed as an internal component for IBM AS/400 processor and I/O towers. This DC-UPS supports a processor or I/O tower requiring a maximum of 3100 watts of input ac line power. Unlike the large majority of AC-Uninterruptible Power Sources (AC-UPSs) found in the marketplace, which supply 50–6...

This article studies the performance of Quantized State System (QSS) algorithms in the simulation of Switched Mode Power Supplies (SMPS). Under realistic modeling assumptions, these models result stiff and exhibit frequent discontinuities making them difficult to simulate by classic solvers. However, there are Linearly Implicit QSS (LIQSS) methods that can efficiently handle these types of syst...

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