New biodegradable surface active agents were prepared by glycosidation of prehydrolysis lignin with the D-glucose using anhydrous ferric chloride as the catalyst which afforded polymeric alkyl, benzyl and aryl glucofuranoside derivatives of lignin. Moreover, a series of novel lignin-based surface active agents was obtained by subsequent Oxidation of the primary alcohol groups of u-glucose into ...

enzymatic extract preparation from pseudomonas aeruginosa km110 under accession no. hq730879 with lipase activity (0.3 u/ml), was used to perform enzymatic hydrolysis pretreatment of a synthetic dairy wastewater with 1000 mg/l total fat content. the pretreatment was optimized for 48 h hydrolysis time, at 45æ% c with 10% v/v enzymatic extract. the biological treatment of synthetic dairy wastewa...

Several aspects concerning the bioconversion of xylose-containing hydrolysates (obtained from Eucalyptus wood) into xylitol were assessed. Debaryomyces hansenii yeast strains were adapted to fermentation media (obtained either by prehydrolysis or autohydrolysis-posthydrolysis of wood) supplemented with low-cost nutrients. Media containing up to 80 g/L xylose were efficiently fermented when the ...

Micropatterning has important applications in a wide range of areas, including microelectronics, optics, information displays, and biotechnology. Herein, we describe a vesicle-array templating approach for the generation of surface patterns of micrometer-sized silica features on the surfaces of silica monoliths. The approach makes use of tetraethyl orthosilicate as silica precursor, a poly(ethy...

Prehydrolysis was used as the first treatment of bamboo materials for producing high dissolving pulp for textile applications. In this paper, green bamboo (Dendrocalamopsis oldhami) was hydrolyzed in water, and the hydrolysis process was optimized. The morphology and super-molecular structures of the raw material and prehydrolyzed material were studied by SEM and XRD, respectively. Based on the...

ATP hydrolysis-dependent molecular machines and motors often drive regulated conformational transformations in cell signaling and gene regulation complexes. Conformational reorganization of a gene regulation complex containing the major variant form of bacterial RNA polymerase (RNAP), Esigma(54), requires engagement with its cognate ATP-hydrolyzing activator protein. Importantly, this activated...

Hemicelluloses are amorphous polymers of sugar molecules that make up a major fraction lignocellulosic biomasses. They have applications in the bioenergy, textile, mining, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical industries. Industrial use hemicellulose often requires polymer be hydrolyzed into constituent oligomers monomers. Traditional models degradation kinetic, usually only appropriate for limited oper...