The anti-spoofing community has been intensively proposing new methods for defending against new spoofing techniques. It is still challenging for protecting näıve users from advanced spoofing attacks. In this paper, we analyze the problems within those anti-spoofing mechanisms and propose a new Automatic Detecting Security Indicator (ADSI) scheme. This paper describe the trust model in ADSI in ...

When does procedural unfairness result in retaliation, and why do recipients of unfair treatment sometimes pursue and other times inhibit retaliation? Five studies addressed these questions. The authors proposed and found that regulatory focus moderates retaliation against an unfairness-enacting authority: Promotion-focus participants were more likely to retaliate than prevention-focus particip...

The debate of fair treatment and justice originates from the notion of social justice. Even though fair treatment may be implemented in the organizations, the employees may perceive that they are not being treated fairly by their employers. This paper analyzes the effects of perceptions of distributive and procedural justice on commitment, among the employees of Water and Power Development Auth...

anti-money laundering act of 1386 granted authority to the supreme council to ratify regulations required by the law. the council adopted bylaws, approved in 1388, but with powers that have been delegated to him under the pretext of some of the crimes emerging technology in the modern criminal justice deficiencies in the law to coordinate with the international instruments such as the palermo c...

Why are there so many unauthorized migrants in the United States? Using unique survey data collected in Mexico through the Mexican Migration Project, I develop and test a new decisionmaking model of unauthorized labor migration. The new model considers the economic motivations of prospective migrants, as well as their beliefs, attitudes, and social norms regarding U.S. immigration law and legal...

Every healthcare organisation (HCO) enacts a multitude of policies, but there has been no discussion as to what procedural and substantive requirements a policy writing process should meet in order to achieve good outcomes and to possess sufficient authority for those who are asked to follow it. Using, as an example, the controversy about patient’s refusal of blood transfusions, I argue that a ...