Programmable logic controllers (PLCs) are an established platform, widely used throughout industrial automation but poorly understood among researchers. This article gives overview of the state practice, explaining why this settled technology persists industry and presenting a critical analysis strengths weaknesses dominant programming styles for today's PLC-based systems. We describe software ...

Programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs) are control devices widely used in industrial automation. They can be found critical infrastructures like power grids, water systems, nuclear plants, manufacturing etc. This paper introduces PLCrypto, a software cryptographic library that implements lightweight symmetric algorithms for PLCs using standard PLC programming language called structured text (ST)...

The popularity of domain-specific programming languages has implications on how we test software in these domain industries. For example for programmable logic controllers five standard languages were defined and used in practice. Detailed data on popularity of these languages should show some implications on what languages to target when testing. We suggest that massive new data sources result...

in this paper, a new structure possessing the advantages of low-power consumption, less hardware and high-speed is proposed for fuzzy controller. the maximum output delay for general fuzzy logic controllers (flc) is about 86 ns corresponding to 11.63 mflips (fuzzy logic inference per second) while this amount of the delay in the designed fuzzy controller becomes 52ns that corresponds to 19.23 m...

Programmable logic controllers (PLCs) are everywhere today and perform critical tasks in industries. They considered as a key component for the Industry 4.0. Before they put into operation, it is necessary to check accuracy of PLC programs. This verification operation can be performed using model checkers. stage often long costly requires domain expert who understand system, well different chec...

In this paper, a new structure possessing the advantages of low-power consumption, less hardware and high-speed is proposed for fuzzy controller. The maximum output delay for general fuzzy logic controllers (FLC) is about 86 ns corresponding to 11.63 MFLIPS (fuzzy logic inference per second) while this amount of the delay in the designed fuzzy controller becomes 52ns that corresponds to 19.23 M...