Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) is an important enzyme in the control of the neuronal action potential and sensitive to organophosphate inhibition. Brain fish AChE is less sensitive to organophosphate inhibition than AChE from terrestrial animals, although this sensitivity is variable among species and has not yet been fully evaluated in fish species. In this setting, inhibition kinetic constants f...

The toxicological and biochemical characteristics of acetylcholinesterases (AChE) in nine populations of the common pistachio psyllid, Agonoscena pistaciae Burckhardt and Lauterer (Hemiptera: Psyllidae), were investigated in Kerman Province, Iran. Nine A. pistaciae populations were collected from pistachio orchards, Pistacia vera L. (Sapindales: Anacardiaceae), located in Rafsanjan, Anar, Bam, ...

We recently reported on a non-neuronal secreted acetylcholinesterase (AChE B) from the nematode parasite Nippostrongylus brasiliensis. Here we describe the primary structure and enzymatic properties of a second secreted variant, termed AChE C after the designation of native AChE isoforms from this parasite. As for the former enzyme, AChE C is truncated at the carboxyl terminus in comparison wit...

Children with cerebral palsy may be resistant to paralysis induced by nondepolarizing neuromuscular blocking drugs. Potency of a bolus of succinylcholine in children with cerebral palsy has not been studied previously. Therefore, we measured the response of the adductor pollicis to succinylcholine in children with cerebral palsy anesthetized with propofol and nitrous oxide. Forty children betwe...

The reaction of 5,5'-dithiobis(2-nitrobenzoic acid) (DTNB, Ellman's reagent) with thiols is sensitive to daylight, in particular to ultraviolet radiation at wavelengths around 325 nm. Exposure to light at the absorbance maximum of the yellow product (the thionitrobenzoate ion) at 410 nm had no effect on the reaction. The light-sensitive species is apparently the DTNB, because a spectral-irradia...

Butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) activity and polymorphisms in its encoding gene had previously been associated with metabolic traits of obesity. This study investigated the association of three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the BCHE gene: -116G > A (rs1126680), 1615GA (rs1803274), 1914A < G (rs3495), with obesity and lipid metabolism markers, body mass index (BMI), total cholesterol (T...

Many conditions interfere with butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) activity, e.g., pregnancy or presence of the BCHE gene variant -116A can decrease activity whereas obesity and types I and II diabetes mellitus can increase activity. In this study, we examined BChE activity, -116A and 1615A BCHE gene variants, and anthropometric and biochemical variables associated with diabetes in patients with gesta...

Kinetics of recombinant fluoride-2 variant of human butyrylcholinesterase (Gly390 Val) secreted by Chinese hamster ovary cells were compared to recombinant usual and to usual butyrylcholinesterase purified from human plasma. The usual and fluoride-2 variant were indistinguishable with regard to hydrolysis of benzoylcholine (Km = 5 microM), neutral esters, and at high concentrations of acetylthi...

Over the last decades the inhibition of plasma cholinesterase (ChE) activity has been widely used as a biomarker to diagnose organophosphate and carbamate exposure. Plasma ChE activity is a useful and non-invasive method to monitor bird exposure to anticholinesterase compounds; nonetheless several studies had shown that the ChE form(s) present in avian plasma may vary greatly among species. In ...

In this study, a commercially available kit in which propionylthiocholine is used as a substrate and a dibucaine solution to determine the variants of the enzyme were utilized. Plasma cholinesterase activity of 151 patients who underwent different operations was measured during a period of six months. The mean±SD of the enzyme activity in 150 patients was 4.39±1.17 kU/L .. Seventeen patie...