The sweetpotato whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) is a major pest of economically important crops worldwide. Both the United Kingdom (UK) and Finland hold Protected Zone status against this invasive pest. As a result B. tabaci entering these countries on plants and plant produce is subjected to a policy of eradication. The impact of B. tabaci entering, and becoming e...

farming organic vegetable and crops have grown as a market desiring commodity. weed control in farms has been costly and laborous and it has always been hard to achieve a proper weeding. a few chemicals are commonly applied in organic farming. thermal weeding with flame burners seems a good solution; however, it has its own drawbacks, such as; damaging the main crops, low performance, being inf...

We report the first record of Neochrysocharis formosa (Westwood) parasitizing larvae of the tomato moth, Tuta absoluta (Meyrick), in tomato crops in Northern Buenos Aires Province, Argentina. Tomato moth larvae were sampled during four consecutive growing cycles, between 2003 and 2005, in 10 sites. Neochrysocharis formosa was present only in organic outdoor and protected crops, and predominantl...

Vegetable crops such as cucumber and tomato are grown widely through the world using not only field but also protected farmland. Sensitive responses of many vegetables have been widely reported to environmental conditions such as light, air temperature, relative humility, and CO2 concentration in the past years. Among these environmental factors, light is considered to be the most important one...

Tomato is one of the main vegetable crops in Kuwait with a total greenhouse production of 39,218.3 tonnes and with a value of $ 9.58 million in 2004. Because of the country’s harsh climate, scarce water resources and poor-quality land resources, protected agriculture has a significant role in Kuwait’s agricultural development. Tomato is grown in 25% of total area under greenhouse crops and it p...

Protected cultivation infers the under guarded conditions or we can say simply, a modified atmosphere man-made micro-climatic such as alteration in CO2 concentration also use of different temperature levels on specific protected structures hoop houses, cold shade hot frames hotbeds, hot-bed manures well high tunnels which are less costly and be easily afforded by Nepalese farmers. Horticultural...

The protection of biodiversity and of ecosystem services ought to be a top priority, taken into consideration in the course of all human activities, because we depend on it fully now and for the future. In this context, we note that the ecological problems related to the cultivation of GE crops fail to differ in any fundamental way from the ecological problems associated with agriculture in gen...