Liposomes entrapping fluorescein diacetate were fused with protoplasts of Datura innoxia Mill by employing polyethylene glycol (PEG) as the fusogen. Factors that influence liposome-protoplast fusion were optimized as a function of PEG-concentration and incubation duration, liposome composition and surface charge and liposome:protoplast ratio. Phosphatidylcholine-liposomes were found ideal for t...

Abstract In the present study, a high yield of isolated protoplasts from agronomically important crop Fagopyrum esculentum was obtained by applying mixture cellulase, pectolyase, and driselase. We demonstrated that morphogenic callus-derived 1 × 10 6 per g fresh tissue. For hypocotyls used as protoplast source, number released cells twice lower. The protoplasts, embedded in an agarose matrix cu...

in this study, mutant forms of bacillus thuringiensis spp. israelensis (h14) were produced. these mutants were identified when the cells were cultured on chloramphenicol plates and stained with crystal violet. protoplasts of the mutants were isolated by enzymatic digestion (lysozyme) of the cell walls at the presence of an osmotic stabilizer. the protoplasts were induced to fuse to each other i...

Surface antigens of Saccharomyces cerevisiae protoplast were visualized immunocytochemically with protein A-gold or ferritin conjugated antibodies. Ferritin particles were densely distributed at the surface of yeast protoplast after treatment with rabbit anti-protoplast serum and ferritin conjugated antibody against rabbit IgM. Control experiments demonstrated that the binding of these ferritin...

Analysis of oxidase and dehydrogenase activities, cytochrome content of mesosomal vesicles, and protoplast membranes showed that the respiratory chain in Staphylococcus aureus is associated predominantly with the protoplast membranes.

Departme Tusa, N., J.W. Grosser, and F.G. Gmitter, Jr. 1990. Plant regeneration of ‘Valencia’ sweet orange, ‘Femminello’ lemon, and the interspecific somatic hybrid following protoplast fusion. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 115:1043– 1046. Vardi, A., P. Arzee-Gonen, A. Frydman-Shani, and S. Bleichman. 1989. Protoplast fusion mediated transfer of organelles from Microcitrus and Citrus and regeneratio...

Twenty-eight types of lysozyme-sensitive spores among seven Bacillus species representative of thermophiles, mesophiles, and psychrophiles were obtained spanning a 3,000-fold range in moist-heat resistance. The resistance within species was altered by demineralization of the native spores to protonated spores and remineralization of the protonated spores to calcified spores and by thermal adapt...

BACKGROUND Populus is a model woody plant and a promising feedstock for lignocellulosic biofuel production. However, its lengthy life cycle impedes rapid characterization of gene function. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS We optimized a Populus leaf mesophyll protoplast isolation protocol and established a Populus protoplast transient expression system. We demonstrated that Populus protoplasts ...

The formation of protoplast chains in suspensions of isolated pea (Pisum sativum cv Ran 1) mesophyll protoplasts induced by electric fields was studied. The chain formation induced by a sine-wave field (2 V, peak to peak; 500-0.1 kHz) was compared to that induced by an alternating pulse field (1 V, amplitude; 0.1-0.4 kHz). An increased number of dielectrophoretically paired protoplasts, formati...

Effects of octylguanidine (OG) were studied on the permeability of cells of the adaxial epidermis of Allium cepa bulb scales to water and methyl urea and on the protoplast surface. Interference of OG with the Ca(2+) and Al(3+) action on the cell surface was also investigated.Permeability of the cell membrane for water and methyl urea increased nearly three times in presence of OG. The effect of...