A general problem in qualitative physics is determining the consequences of assumptions about the behavior of a system. If the space of behaviors is represented by an envisionment, many such consequences can be represented by pruning states from the envisionment. This paper provides a formal logic of occurrence which justi es the algorithms involved and provides a language for relating speci c ...

In this paper we present our approach of improving the traditional alpha-beta search process for strategic board games by modifying the method in two ways: 1) forgoing the evaluation of leaf nodes that are not terminal states and 2) employing a utility table that stores the utility for subsets of board configurations. In this paper we concentrate our efforts on the game of Connect Four. Our res...

pruning of the plant canopy and paclobutrazol application to the root zone are agronomic practices that improve harvest yield in mango (mangifera indica l.) orchards. to assess the effect of pruning and paclobutrazol treatment on the vegetative and reproductive development of ‘ataulfo’ mango, three pruning dates (20 april, 20 may, and 20 june) and three concentrations of paclobutrazol (pbz) (7....

in order to investigate the effect of pruning and potassium nutrition on pumpkin grain yield and quality, a factorial experiment based on complete block design with four replications was carried out in nooshar village of ardabil province, ardabil, iran, in 2007. experimental factors include potassium nutrition in three level (0, 75 and 150 kg/ha from potassium sulfate) and stem pruning (without...

pomegranate is one of the major horticultural crops in iran, but studies about this product; especially its pruning is very little. therefore this study was carried out to assess the effect of pruning and nutrition on pomegranate cultivar “robab” in qaemieh, fars province during 2008-2009. this research was conducted factorial experiment based on randomized complete block design (rcbd) with 5 p...

summer pruning and calcium spray could improve kiwifruits quality. in this study, effect of summer pruning in two times, 2 and 15 days after petal fall alone or in combination with %1 calcium chloride spray on fruit quality and mineral elements contents of ‘hayward’ kiwifruit was investigated. calcium sprayed four times 90 days after petal fall with 15 days intervals. the results showed that su...

We present two additions to the hierarchical mixture of experts (HME) architecture. By applying a likelihood splitting criteria to each expert in the HME we "grow" the tree adaptively during training. Secondly, by considering only the most probable path through the tree we may "prune" branches away, either temporarily, or permanently if they become redundant . We demonstrate results for the gro...

Algorithms for pruning game trees generally rely on a game being zero-sum, in the case of alpha-beta pruning, or constant-sum, in the case of multi-player pruning algorithms such as speculative pruning. While existing algorithms can prune non-zero-sum games, pruning is much less effective than in constant-sum games. We introduce the idea of leaf-value tables, which store an enumeration of the p...