The article discusses the publication activity of scientists in the field of studying the consequences of US economic sanctions against Iran, and their impact on the development of science and the economy in this countries. The paper considers the dynamics of publication activity in the field of biomedicine of Iranian scientists over the past 20 years. Increased sanctions have led to a shortage...

Nearly all future population growth will occur in urban areas. Reducing urban poverty is crucial for managing urban population change. Internet and transportation networks link world cities and enhance urban economic growth. Founded in 1929, the Population Reference Bureau is the leader in providing timely, objective information on U.S. and international population trends and their implications...

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BACKGROUND The Randomized Aldactone Evaluation Study (RALES) demonstrated that spironolactone significantly improves outcomes in patients with severe heart failure. Use of angiotensin-converting-enzyme (ACE) inhibitors is also indicated in these patients. However, life-threatening hyperkalemia can occur when these drugs are used together. METHODS We conducted a population-based time-series an...

Background: Systematic reviews and meta-analysis have significant advantages over conventional reviews in that all available data should be presented.  This study aimed to evaluate Iranian systematic reviews and meta-analysis abstracts indexed in WOS and Scopus during 2003-2012 based on PRISMA checklist.    Methods: This is an analytical study. We evaluated 46 article abstracts ...

Abstract In Poland, cholelithiasis affects approximately 20% of the population and require 45.000 cholecystectomies per year. Women, especially mature women, are more at risk developing this condition. Hormonal reproductive factors reason for higher incidence in women. publication, we review significant affecting situation. The anatomical structure gallbladder may have a impact on course cholec...