Using the means-end framework as a theoretical foundation, this article conceptualizes, constructs, refines, and tests a multiple-item scale (E-S-QUAL) for measuring the service quality delivered by Web sites on which customers shop online. Two stages of empirical data collection revealed that two different scales were necessary for capturing electronic service quality. The basic E-S-QUAL scale...

The purpose of this study is to explore the applicability of the E‐S‐QUAL instrument in the context of libraries’ social media services. As libraries have increased their use of social media such as Facebook and Twitter to interact with users and share information, the evaluation of the services has been emphasized to improve service strategies and meet user needs. However, there are no criteri...

Mixed methods, defined as one complete method (as the core project) plus a different simultaneous and sequential supplemental strategy, have been well explicated for combining the most difficult designs—that is, qualitative and quantitative methods. However, experts in qualitative inquiry have relatively ignored the issues that occur while describing qualitative simultaneous and sequential desi...

This paper proposes a new language for the development of distributed multimedia applications: Quality Assurance Language (QuAL). QuAL abstractions allow the specification of Quality of Service (QoS) constraints expected from the underlying computing and communication environment. QuAL specifications are compiled into run time components that monitor the actual QoS delivered. Upon QoS violation...

The aim of this paper is to study the popular models used for the simulation of major elements of a water quality system. The present study compares results of the CE-QUAL-W2 model with the WASP5 and MIKE11 models to assess the water quality of Pasikhan River. The contaminant loadings of Nitrate and Phosphate are utilized in the CE-QUAL-W2, WASP5 and MIKE11 simulations. This study is the first ...

What should governments in mineralrich states do about the gap between rich and poor populations (vertical in e qual ity), and the gap between mineralrich and mineralpoor regions (horizontal in e qual ity)? This chapter looks at how mineral wealth can affect vertical and horizontal in e qual ity, and what governments can do about it. It also explores the advantages and disadvantages of the dece...

Recent modifications to the transport scheme within the two-dimensional hydrodynamic and water quality model CEQUAL-W2 have resulted in a significant improvement in the prediction of temperature distributions by reducing numerical diffusion. These changes allow for a more accurate description of wind effects in the model. This paper briefly describes the modifications to CE-QUAL-W2 and presents...