Although, once, in the far past, sending gifts and missionaries was called a type of public diplomacy, today it is manifested as academic disciplines, policy making institutions, and multi-purpose organizations. The most important institutions of these kinds, now, exist in the US, whose purpose is to promote the politics of this country as Public Diplomacy and to follow local and international ...

Mobile TV Systems/Standards With Mobile TV, users enjoy live and/or ondemand TV using their own mobile devices, such as TV-capable wireless phones and PDAs. The delivery of Mobile TV can be achieved through terrestrial broadcast, satellite broadcast, a combination of terrestrial and satellite broadcasts, and cellular networks. Table 1 lists popular systems/standards for each of one these catego...

One of the most promising applications of cognitive radio networks (CRNs)is the efficient exploitation of TV white spaces (TVWSs) for enhancing the performance of wireless networks. In this paper, we propose a cross-layer design (CLD) of carrier sense multiple access with collision avoidance (CSMA/CA) mechanism at the medium access control (MAC) layer with spectrum sensing (SpSe) at the physica...

Value Added Services VAS in Mobile-Phone-Networks, found its way to TV & Radio stations through the benefits from the huge audience or followers they got. Also the traditional media decides to get advantages of VAS services and consider it as a new revenue source. The traditional TV & Radio stations and the mobile phone network based on 3G technologies and beyond, both get dramatic changes by t...

Background: Media advertisements especially radio and TV are one of the most important and effective ways for health promotion and consumption of healthy productions worldwide. Ministry of Health and some other ministries in Iran agreed to control and restrict the advertising of unhealthy products and services. Therefore, adequate supervision and monitoring should be done in this field.  A...

In this paper, we propose a new approach based on Cognitive Radio technology to address the challenges for ensuring connectivity in remote areas of Africa. Indeed, the current network coverage is concentrated around the cities with high density of population. Through the deployment of Cognitive Radio, emergency services in rural areas will benefit from low cost access networks. Cognitive Radio ...

In this paper, we propose a new approach based on Cognitive Radio technology to address the challenges for ensuring connectivity in remote areas of Africa. Indeed, the current network coverage is concentrated around the cities with high density of population. Through the deployment of Cognitive Radio, emergency services in rural areas will benefit from low cost access networks. Cognitive Radio ...

The so-called “TV White Spaces” (TVWS) are locally underutilized portions of the terrestrial TV bands and occur as a by-product of the Digital Switchover taking place in most countries across the globe. Thanks to the very good characteristics of the TV bands in terrestrial radio communications, the exploitation of TVWS for localor regional-area wireless license-exempt networking, under a carefu...