Transmission lines and their lumped approximating networks have long been incorporated into radio-frequency power amplifiers to improve efficiency and shape circuit waveforms, and are beginning to perform a similar roles in high-frequency switched-mode power electronics. Though lumped line-simulating networks are often preferred to their distributed exemplars for reasons of design flexibility a...

This session describes the principles, implementation, strengths, weaknesses and applications of two vectorless test techniques developed by Teradyne, and currently in use on Teradyne board test equipment. The goal of this session is for a practicing test engineer or test manager to understand how these techniques work, how to apply them against different test problems, and how to use them as p...

This paper describes the mechanisms of powerdistribution-plane resonance in multilayer printed circuit boards and the techniques to control the resonance. The powerdistribution-plane resonance is responsible for high-level emissions and circuit malfunctions. Controlling the resonance is an effective technique, so adequate characterization of the resonance is necessary to achieve control. The re...

prevalence of thyroid nodules diagnosed by ultrasonography has been reported to be high (about 50%) probably due to iodine deficiency in our region. most thyroid nodules benign but some require treatment for cosmetic reasons or subjective symptoms. the conventional method of treatment in iran is surgery. for the first time in iran, from february 2016, 50 patients with 63 nodules (solid or cysti...