The intravascular administration of the ionic radiocontrast agent sodium iothalamate (2.9 g of iodine/kg body wt) to rats induced an increase in plasma concentration of immunoreactive endothelin from 21.3 +/- 1.2 to 36 +/- 3 fmol/mL, preceded by a transient rise in the plasma level of atrial natriuretic peptide and associated with a fall in RBF. Equi-iodine amounts of the nonionic agents ioxagl...

BACKGROUND Decreased renal blood flow (RBF) and vasoconstriction are considered major mechanisms of contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CIAKI). To understand the severity and duration of such putative effects, we measured systemic and renal hemodynamics after intra-arterial radiocontrast administration. The subjects were six Merino ewes. The setting was a university-affiliated research instit...

On the one hand, it is well known that radiocontrast media can effectively be reduced by haemodialysis [1]. On the other hand, several prospective randomized studies clearly demonstrated that prophylactic haemodialysis after the administration of radiocontrast media did not prevent contrastinduced nephropathy and did not improve outcome of patients with chronic kidney disease. Lehnert et al. pe...

BACKGROUND Discography and discoblock are imaging procedures used to diagnose discogenic low back pain. Although needle puncture of the intervertebral disc (IVD) itself induces disc degeneration, the agents used in these procedures may also have harmful effects on IVD cells. The purpose of this study was to analyze whether radiocontrast agents and local anesthetic agents have detrimental effect...

Radiocontrast material is among the common drugs causing allergic reaction. Mostly it well tolerated. The symptoms range from mild with urticaria to fatal anaphylaxis, developing rapidly. Anaphylaxis most severe form of radiocontrast media (RCM) induced hypersensitivity With more use diagnostic and therapeutic procedure, increasing. We report here two cases anaphylactic reaction that occurred d...

BACKGROUND Nephropathy induced by exposure to radiocontrast agents, a possible complication of percutaneous coronary interventions, is associated with significant in-hospital and long-term morbidity and mortality. Patients with preexisting renal failure are at particularly high risk. We investigated the role of hemofiltration, as compared with isotonic-saline hydration, in preventing contrast-a...

AIM The aim of the study was to investigate the role of hemofiltration in preventing contrast nephropathy in patients with renal failure. METHODS We randomized 114 renal failure patients undergoing percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI) to either peri-procedural hemofiltration or saline hydration. RESULTS Contrast nephropathy occurred in 5% of hemofiltration-treated patients and in 50% i...

OBJECTIVES Radiocontrast agents are one of the most common causes of acute renal failure in the world. These agents are required for both diagnostic and therapeutic modalities of medical intervention, including computed tomography (CT), angiography and cardiac catheterization. Publications over the past 40 years support three potential mechanisms of toxicity: oxidative stress, haemodynamics and...