background and purpose: multiple sclerosis (ms) is believed to be an immune-mediated disorder that develops from an interaction of the individual's genetic and as yet unidentified environmental causes. the prevalence of auto-antibodies in multiple sclerosis patients and their clinical associations vary in various studies. the aim of this study was to determine serum auto antibodies in multiple ...

Background: The treatment of acute promyelocy!c leukemia with all-trans-re!noic acid (ATRA) some!mes results in a syndrome characterized by fever, respiratory distress, weight gain, pleural or pericardial effusion, and pulmonary infiltrates. We report the major clinical and radiologic features of ATRA syndrome. Materials and Methods: In the past, occasional case reports and literature pertainin...

background: the treatment of acute promyelocy!c leukemia with all-trans-re!noic acid (atra) some!mes results in a syndrome characterized by fever, respiratory distress, weight gain, pleural or pericardial effusion, and pulmonary infiltrates. we report the major clinical and radiologic features of atra syndrome. materials and methods: in the past, occasional case reports and literature pertainin...

neurocutaneous melanosis (ncm) is a rare, congenital non-hereditary syndrome, characterized by multiple pigmented nevi. we report the radiologic findings of a newborn who had extensive cutaneous melanotic nevus with satellite lesions in the brain. ultrasound showed multiple echogenic foci in the cerebral parenchyma. subsequent mri confirmed these lesions as characteristic deposits of melanin. t...

Joubert syndrome is a rare autosomal-recessive condition characterized by early hyperpnea and apnea, developmental delay, and truncal ataxia. We previously described key ocular motor signs in Joubert syndrome and the molar tooth sign resulting from dysplasia of the isthmic segment of the brain stem, superior cerebellar peduncles, and vermis. In this study, we obtained clinical and developmental...

Background: The discovery and broad application of MRI in medicine has led to an increased awareness in the number of patients with incidental white matter pathology in the CNS. Routinely encountered in clinical practice, the natural history or evolution of such individuals with respect to their risk of developing multiple sclerosis (MS) is unclear. Objective: To investigate the natural history...

acute lymphoblastic leukemia (all) is the most common form of childhood cancer representing 80-85% of all leukemia. we describe a 3 years old girl with pain, swelling and tenderness in extremities since 8 months prior to her present admission. x-ray of extremities revealed callus formation, osteopenia and site of healed fractures. bone marrow aspiration revealed all-l2 with normal peripheral sm...