Background. Females' golf course lengths have been reduced due to their strength characteristics, leading to shorter shot distances than men. Although the golf game requires different physical conditions for females and males, the physiological demands of both genders are unknown. Objectives. This study aimed to investigate the physiological responses of female and male golfers during 18 holes...

PURPOSE The aim of this study was to examine performance, pacing strategy and perception of effort during a 5 km time trial while running with or without the presence of another athlete. METHODS Eleven nonelite male athletes participated in five 5 km time trials: two self-paced, maximal effort trials performed at the start and end of the study, and three trials performed in the presence of a ...

This investigation examined the validity of newly developed Adult OMNI Elliptical Ergometer Ratings of Perceived Exertion Scales. 60 men and women performed a graded exercise test on an elliptical ergometer. Oxygen consumption (VO2), heart rate (HR), and ratings of perceived exertion were recorded at each stage from the Borg 15 Category scale and two different OMNI scales. One scale employed an...

This study assessed the nature of the perceived exertion response to treadmill running in 14 healthy 7-8 year-old children, using the Eston-Parfitt (E-P) Ratings of Perceived Exertion (RPE) scale and a marble dropping task. For the E-P scale and the marble dropping task, the relationships between the RPE and work rate were best described as linear (R2 = .96) and curvilinear (R2 = .94), respecti...

This study analyzed the possibility of using movement velocity and the rate of perceived exertion as predictors of relative load in the parallel squat (PSQ) exercise. To determine the full load-velocity and load-rate of perceived exertion relationships, 290 young, resistance-trained athletes (209 males and 81 females) performed a progressive strength test up to the 1 repetition maximum. Longitu...

The present study tested the hypothesis that the exercise protocol (continuous vs. intermittent) would affect the physiological response and the perception of effort during aquatic cycling. Each protocol was divided on four stages. Heart rate, arterial blood pressure, blood lactate concentration, central and peripheral rate of perceived exertion were collected in both protocols in aquatic cycli...

Background: Energy expenditure is of paramount importance in the assessment of usefulness of wheelchair for paraplegics. Despite widespread recognition of problems associated with currently available mobility systems for persons with spinal cord injuries, development of more efficient systems has been slow.  Lack of a suitable and simple technique for the assessment of energy expenditure in par...