OBJECTIVE To investigate the expression of miR-192 and its significance in diabetic nephropathy (DN) patients. METHODS 464 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) were divided into normal albuminuria group (NA, n = 157), microalbuminuria group (MA, n = 159), and large amount of albuminuria group (LA, n = 148). 127 healthy persons were selected as the control group (NC, n = 127). The ser...

abstract for evaluating nacl salinity effect on some physiological and qualitative attributes of five winter canola cultivars, an experiment was conducted in a rcd base factorial in three replicates in greenhouse of east azarbaijan agricultural research center in 2008. five salinity levels as 0, 50, 100, 150 and 200 mm nacl treated as first factor on five rape seed (fornax, licord, elite, slm04...

introduction: almond (prunus amygdalus b.) is one of the most important crops consumed as a dry fruit and it is mainly adaptable to arid and semi-arid regions mostly suffering from salinity stress (8). soils with dry humidity regime are dominant in iran and in the world at large and mostly include regions with more evaporation than precipitation. this in turn leads to increased salinity of the ...

The times required for a steady rate of miniature end-plate potential discharge to be reached in response to changes in extracellular [K(+)], [Na(+)], and [Ca(++)] have been measured. In the presence of 15 mM KCl, Ca(++) raises and Na(+) lowers the steady-state mepp frequency; but the depressive effect on Na(+) is not specific: Li(+) can replace Na(+) to a large extent. Mepp frequency has been ...

Coupled Na+ exit/Ca2+ entry (Na/Ca exchange operating in the Ca2+ influx mode) was studied in giant barnacle muscle cells by measuring 22Na+ efflux and 45Ca2+ influx in internally perfused, ATP-fueled cells in which the Na+ pump was poisoned by 0.1 mM ouabain. Internal free Ca2+, [Ca2+]i, was controlled with a Ca-EGTA buffering system containing 8 mM EGTA and varying amounts of Ca2+. Ca2+ seque...

Physicochemical and ionic characteristics of groundwater aquifers have been tremendous importance in water applications. Groundwater selected coastal communities (Badagry, Epe, Ikorodu, Ilaje/ese-odo) south-western Nigeria was assessed for domestic irrigation suitability. One hundred ninety-two (192) samples were obtained analyzed chemical composition major ratio over a period four seasons usin...

introduction: to assess the salivary composition of proteins and minerals in smokers compared with non-smokers.   materials and methods: in this study we compared the total protein and ca, na, k, mg, pb of whole saliva in two groups of men (28 smokers and 31nonsmokers) aged between 29-41years.   results: fifty-nine participants were evaluated. the mean age was 33.14±5.32 years among smokers and...

Mechanisms underlying action potential initiation in olfactory receptor cells (ORCs) during odor stimulation were investigated using conventional and dynamic patch-clamp recording techniques. Under current-clamp conditions, action potentials generated by a least effective odor-induced depolarization were almost completely blocked by 0.1 mm Ni(2+), a T-type Ca(2+) channel blocker, but not by 0.1...

In this study, we analyzed the correlation of sodium(Na), potassium(K) and calcium(Ca) amounts with spot urine(SU) and 24-hour urine(24-HU) collected as 8-hour portions. 21 hypertensive patients and 21 normotensive individuals were enrolled in the study. Na, K and Ca were studied in three sequential 8-hour urine samples and with the sum of three, 24-HU samples of the cases. Sodium/creatinine, p...

The primary aim of this study was to assay the influence of dietary Ca sources and levels on performance, egg quality indices, and selected blood variables of laying hens. A total of 192 Bovanz commercial layers were distributed to 6 dietary treatment groups with 4 replicates and 8 birds in each replicate. The experimental diets were iso-caloric and iso-nitrogenous, but they were different in t...