The sanctions imposed on Iran at the beginning of 2012 have simultaneously limited country's access to international financial system, levied a strict boycott Iran's oil and petrochemical exports, imports intermediate goods. This paper tries quantify aggregate heterogeneous effects these sanctions. Applying synthetic control method, I show that had persistent significant Iranian economy. cost r...

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES Diarrhoeal disease is the fifth leading cause of all mortality globally. To this burden, rotavirus contributes over half a million deaths annually. This pilot study was conducted to determine the economic burden of diarrhoeal episodes on families from different geographical regions accessing medical facilities in India. METHODS Participants were enrolled from four stud...

OBJECTIVE To assess UK governmental and charity research funding in 2012 for cancer, coronary heart disease (CHD), dementia and stroke, and to make comparisons with 2008 levels. DESIGN Analysis of research expenditure. SETTING United Kingdom. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES We identified UK governmental agencies and charities providing health research funding to determine the 2012 levels of funding...

Spending on health is a significant policy issue for most countries’ economies of the world. Those expenditures put high pressure on public budgets, measuring government investments in health and well-being of their citizens. This task is even more challenging for most Balkan countries, embraced by the global economic crisis in the last decade and prior history of civil war for most of them. To...

The Research purpose is to examine the effect of determinan factors, which include government size, Intergovernmental revenue, capital expenditure, Population, and local tax revenue in influencing financial performance with condition as proxy. study Population district city Central Java sample was taken by using purposive sampling technique, so we have 105 observation units. Data analysis used ...

BACKGROUND At the end of the eleven-year conflict in Sierra Leone, a wide range of policies were implemented to address both demand- and supply-side constraints within the healthcare system, which had collapsed during the conflict. This study examines the extent to which households' exposure to financial risks associated with seeking healthcare evolved in post-conflict Sierra Leone. METHOD Th...

This paper empirically examines the direct and indirect effect of role democracy, and, in turn, oil dependence volatility on governmental expenditure exporting countries. To achieve this aim, we apply a panel Vector Auto-Regressive (PVAR) model along with impulse response functions from period 1983 to 2016. The findings show that quality political institutions, it is observed democratic countri...