In the last decades, there has been a far-reaching debate about whether reason is natural power of human animal or socio-historical achievement. This paper brings out and criticizes two paradigmatic views entangled in that dilemma: substantive view which construes as primitive possessing basic forms intelligibility; derivative traces back to non-rational, natural-historic processes. I approach ...

Abstract This paper contributes to the recent explosion of literature on epistemological role emotions and other affective states by defending two claims. First, might do more than position us receive evidence or function as evidence. Affective be thought appraise evidence, in sense that influence what doxastic state is rational for someone given a body The second claim evidentialism, view rati...