Rebel agents are intelligent agents that can oppose goals or plans assigned to them, or the general attitudes and/or behavior of other agents. They can serve purposes such as ethics, safety, and task execution correctness; enhance social co-creativity, and provide or support diverse points of view. We previously proposed a framework for AI rebellion and explored various scenarios that have posi...

During the 1940s-1970s, the leftist intelligentsia played a prominent role in constructing a vibrant Iraqi culture, contributed greatly to the flourishing of literature and the arts, and exerted a great impact in the cultural and political spheres. This article focuses primarily on the 1960s, when, despite two Ba’thist coups, the cultural ambience was pronouncedly leftist. The second half of th...

The developing field of Mongolian International Studies offers a diverse range research topics. A review recent articles reflects an emphasis on geo-politics, particularly evolving relations with its superpower neighbours. Whilst state-to-state engagement China and Russia predominates, regional countries (Japan, Korea) the US Europe are examined within ‘Third Neighbour’ policy. Trade economics ...

Sci-fi narratives permeating the collective consciousness endow AI Rebellion with ample negative connotations. However, for AI agents, as for humans, attitudes of protest, objection, and rejection have many potential benefits in support of ethics, safety, self-actualization, solidarity, and social justice, and are necessary in a wide variety of contexts. We launch a conversation on constructive...

Working as a clerk in Hokand Khanate and general secretary of khans being one the most esteemed honourable individuals that era, Ziyabiddin Magzumi was statesman who lived nineteenth century. Magzumi, whose exact birth death dates are unknown, completed manuscript work called – “History Fergana Khans”- which consisted 833 leaves or 1666 pages. Written Old Chagatai language, this written from 18...

This paper studies how cultural norms shaped by negative historical shocks can explain conflicts in the long-run. Exploiting a unique dataset constructed from historical archives, we test whether the Irish Famine (1845-1850), one of the most lethal starvation in history, changed political attitudes and contributed to the Irish Revolution (1913-1921). First, we investigate the determinants of jo...

As in the paper, suppose that allies use a threshold strategy according to which ally i supports the ruler if her signal ki is below some threshold k , ki ≤ k , and she rebels if ki > k . Since the signal ki is distributed uniformly on the interval [κ t − ε, κ + ε], a threshold signal k implies the existence of a threshold regime strength κ such that a rebellion fails if κ ≤ κ and succeeds if κ...

The Aqaba Khans and the Origins of in Jordan. An Archaeological Approach, by Reem Samed Al Shqour. Piscataway, NJ: Gorgias Press, 2019. 558 pp., $208.00 (hardback). ISBN-13: 9781463206512.