Primary hyperparathyroidism may occur as a part of an inherited syndrome in a combination with pancreatic endocrine tumours and/or pituitary adenoma, which is classified as Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia type 1 (MEN-1). This syndrome is caused by a germline mutation in MEN-1 gene encoding a tumour-suppressor protein, menin. Primary hyperparathyroidism is the most frequent clinical presentation of...

THE diagnosis of primary hyperparathyroidism has been classically based upon the demonstration of high plasma calcium and low plasma phosphorus concentrations and an excessive urinary excretion of calcium. In recent years, however, it has become recognized that patients with primary hyperparathyroidism may present with plasma calcium concentrations that are within the normal range (George et al...

A brown tumor is a benign fibrotic, erosive bony lesion caused by localized, rapid osteoclastic turnover, resulting from hyperparathyroidism. Although brown tumors are one of the most pathognomonic signs of primary hyperparathyroidism, they are rarely seen in clinical practice. In this report, we present a case of 20-year-old woman with recurrent fractures and bone pain. Plain digital radiograp...

Failure of a primary operation to control renal hyperparathyroidism is usually due to inadequate resection of hyperplastic tissue or previous undetected ectopic parathyroid gland. We describe a patient with recurrent renal hyperparathyroidism, who presented with a subcutaneous neck nodule. A 49-year-old woman had a history of systemic lupus erythematosus, papillary thyroid carcinoma, and end-st...

background: bilateral neck exploration is the gold standard for parathyroid adenoma localization in primary hyperparathyroidism. but surgeons do not have adequate experience for accurate surgical exploration and new methods are developed for surgery like unilateral exploration and minimally invasive surgery, thus, preoperative localization could reduces time and stress in surgical performance. ...

BACKGROUND Parathyroid adenoma is the most common cause of primary hyperparathyroidism. Preoperative serum calcium and intact-parathyroid hormone levels are the most useful diagnostic parameters that allow differentiating primary hyperparathyroidism from non-parathyroid-dependent hypercalcemia. Parathyroidectomy is the definitive treatment for primary hyperparathyroidism. Approximately 5% of pa...

abstract background: primary hyperparathyroidism is autonomous production of parathyroid hormone. after removal of adenoma, one of the surgeons concern is postoperative hypocalcaemia. there is no precise method to determine if patients have hypocalcaemia postoperatively. the purpose of this study was to determine the relation between parathyroid adenoma weights, postoperative serum calcium and ...

Parathyroid carcinoma is a rare endocrine neoplasm that accounts for <1% of cases primary hyperparathyroidism. The management parathyroid challenge due to the high rate local recurrence tumour. We report case middle-aged north Indian woman who presented with recurrent hyperparathyroidism carcinoma. She palpable hard neck mass and underwent radical dissection six times. At time writing this r...