In this paper, a novel technique is introduced for the design of recursive digital filters in the state space form. The Roesser’s state space model has been used for the spatial domain representation of the 2-D causal recursive digital filters. This model divides the local state into a horizontal and a vertical state which are propagated in horizontal and vertical directions respectively. The d...

Digital filtering is an integral part of many digital signal processing algorithms. Digital filters are characterized as either recursive [infinite impulse response (IIR)] or non-recursive [finite impulse response (FIR)] filters. IIR filters require a smaller order for the same set of specifications compared to FIR filters, while FIR filters provide a linear phase property. However, IIR filters...

The principle of recursive filters is well known in digital filtering. This paper deals with active recursive filters. A new design approach is presented. It will be shown that how active elements can be used in the design of amplification elements and large microwave time delay. The analytical and computer-simulated results will be presented for an active bandpass filter in the C-band. Key-Wor...

This paper presents different pipelining approach for higher order recursive digital filter. The performance of the filter is increased by pipelining the filter. Clustered look-ahead, scattered look-ahead pipelining methods and implementation of IIR filter in FPGA are analyzed. Clustered look-ahead pipeline is not always stable. To achieve a stable pipeline filter scattered look-ahead pipelinin...

We present a discrete-time mathematical formulation for applying recursive digital filters to non-uniformly sampled signals. Our solution presents several desirable features: it preserves the stability of the original filters; is well-conditioned for low-pass, high-pass, and band-pass filters alike; its cost is linear in the number of samples and is not affected by the size of the filter suppor...

commonly used environmental flow evaluation techniques range in complexity. some requires stream flow records alone, and some accounts for the habitat requirements of individual species life-stages and physical characteristics of the stream. hydrological based methods for environmental flow assessment are the first step in planning for environmental allocation in developing countries. for deter...

This paper develops a design of two-dimensional (2D) digital filter with monotonic amplitude-frequency responses using Darlington-type gyrator networks by the application of Generalized Bilinear Transformation (GBT). The proposed design provides the stable monotonic amplitude-frequency responses and the desired cutoff frequency of the 2D digital filters. This 2D recursive digital filter design ...

Infinite Impulse Response (IIR) filter is of recursive type filter. The present output sample of an IIR filter depends on the present input samples, past input samples and past output samples. There are a number of techniques available to determine the digital IIR Filters. This paper is based on the computer based approach to design the digital IIR filter along with the calculation of filter co...

Digital filters for recursively computing the discrete Fourier transform (DFT) and estimating the frequency spectrum of sampled signals are examined, with an emphasis on magnitude-response and numerical stability. In this tutorial-style treatment, existing recursive techniques are reviewed, explained and compared within a coherent framework; some fresh insights are provided and new enhancements...

This paper presents the swarm intelligence (SI)-based particle swarm optimisation (PSO) in context of designing infinite-impulse response (IIR) digital filters. IIR filters are the part of digital filters with recursive responses. Since the error surface of IIR digital filters is generally non-linear and multimodal, global optimisation techniques are required in order to avoid local minima. The...