Reasons for Blending Crude Oils at a Refinery Oil refineries, and especially their on-process units that process the primary crude feed stocks, are not uniform in either design or operation. The refinery process units and the combination of units built and in service at a given refinery location are part of a plan to accommodate a certain slate of crudes based on their properties. These decisio...

Disruption on a supply chain provokes lost that should be minimized looking for alternative suppliers. This solution involves a strategy to manage the impact of the disruption and thus to recuperate the supply chain. Difficulty of the management is the diversity of involved factors such that turns complex to provide or choice a solution among the possible ones. Depending on the objective(s) to ...

The production of aluminum billetsdstarting from the conversion of bauxite to alumina, the processing of alumina to aluminum, and the final cast productdis studied using a Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) approach. The aluminum supply chain consists of a refinery, a smelter, and a casting plant. In the LCA model, the environmental loads of four different case scenarios were investigated. The scenari...

The major oil industry upstream activities include the exploration, drilling, extraction, pipelines installation, and production of crude oil. In this paper, we develop a mathematical model to plan for these operations as a crude oil supply chain network design problem. The proposed multi-period mixed integer linear programming model entails both strategic (e.g., facility location and allocatio...

Chemical and refinery process operations have to deal with an increasingly transient and competitive marketplace. The traditional strategy of operating a plant in isolation from its environment within and outside the supply chain with exogenous influences interpreted as disturbances is not any more appropriate. Rather, manufacturing must quickly adapt to the transient environment to exploit eco...

CO(2) emissions from the burning of fossil fuels are conventionally attributed to the country where the emissions are produced (i.e., where the fuels are burned). However, these production-based accounts represent a single point in the value chain of fossil fuels, which may have been extracted elsewhere and may be used to provide goods or services to consumers elsewhere. We present a consistent...

the manufacturing organizations today are having a competition of supply chain versus supply chain. existing research work fails to relate human metrics with supply chain performance. the authors intend to empirically assess the effects of human metrics on supply chain performance in the context of indian manufacturing organizations. a rigorous literature review has identified 12 variables. the...

nowadays, in turbulent and violate global markets an agile supply chain (asc) network is frequently considered as a dominant competitive advantage for survival. to achieve the competitive advantage, companies must align with suppliers and customers to streamline operations, as well as agility beyond individual companies. there are many definitions and models about agile supply chain and most of...

regarding to the diversified needs of domestic and global customers and various products of domestic and global competitors, importance of agility in supply chain management becomes more important. suppliers have to provide materials and essential resources of manufacturers in a short time without any lead time.in this research, we identified many criteria for agility in sanitation supply chain...