Many existing studies focus on disputes and resolutions but often overlook the transformation of disputes. Based on an analysis of case filing, this article explains how various factors of daily life enter the legal world through dispute formatting. When disputes are developed into lawsuits, the systematic logic of law and the logic of daily life constantly interact with each other. Dispute for...

While there is some dispute over the definition of federal systems of government and which of the world's countries should be considered as federations, the essential feature of this type of government is the combination of a central or general government with regional ones ruling directly over shared territory and citizens. Sovereignty is shared with each level of government having a degree of...

Where there are cases of underdetermination in scientiac controversies, such as the case of the molecular clock, scientists may direct the course and terms of dispute by playing off the multidimensional framework of theory evaluation. This is because assessment strategies themselves are underdetermined. Within the framework of assessment, there are a variety of trade-offs between different stra...

the caucasus has seen numerous crises since the region gained independence following the collapse of the soviet :union:. some of these crises have not been resolved yet as evidenced by recent russia-georgia conflict. this paper seeks to analyze such crises within the framework of significant geopolitical changes unfolded by the collapse of the soviet :union:. the author argues that in the post-...

Abstract The hybrid clause is an optional dispute resolution that offers the parties to a contract, for resolving their dispute, option between state courts and arbitral tribunals. combination of two different mechanisms, litigation arbitration, raises issue determining international or regional instruments applicable this clause, such as Brussels I bis Regulation. As matter fact, Recast Regula...

In the context of overlapping bilateral, regional, and multilateral trade agreements, states face a wide array of options for market opening strategies. This paper examines why states choose to adjudicate some trade disputes in the WTO dispute settlement process while negotiating or ignoring others. It then compares outcomes given the choice among alternative strategies. I argue that government...

This paper surveys recent literature on the design of international institutions and applies the insights from it to the prospects for regional economic cooperation in the AsiaPacific. The political and economic heterogeneity of the region has served the process of regional economic integration. But this heterogeneity has limited the extent of institutional development and contributed to well-k...

The fall of Soviet Union and independence of republics of central Asia as well as South Caucasus have brought both chances and challenges for Iran. At first it seemed that Muslim republics, which broke from Soviet Union, might have brought great chances for Iran to promote her ideological claims and economic interests. Dreams of Islamic revolution in new independent central Asian republics invo...