according to plantinga’s reformed epistemology, as perceptual beliefs, religious beliefs are properly basic, and therefore need no additional justification. but as it has been said frequently, this idea may lead to relativism. in this paper, first, we argue that not only its relativistic aspect allows for religious extremism, but also it could be used to justify that kind of extremism. then, re...

This paper challenges conventional views of violent religious extremism, particularly those that emphasize militant theology. We offer an alternative analysis that helps explain the persistent demand for religion, the different types of religious that naturally arise, and the special attributes of the “sectarian” type. Sects are adept at producing club goods – both spiritual and material. Where...

This paper draws upon the findings of an evaluation of “More than a Game”, a sport-focused youth mentoring program in Melbourne, Australia that aimed to develop a community-based resilience model using team-based sports to address issues of identity, belonging, and cultural isolation amongst young Muslim men in order to counter forms of violent extremism. In this essay we focus specifically on ...

BACKGROUND There is growing risk from terrorism following radicalisation of young men. It is unclear whether psychopathology is associated. AIMS To investigate the population distribution of extremist views among UK men. METHOD Cross-sectional study of 3679 men, 18-34 years, in Great Britain. Multivariate analyses of attitudes, psychiatric morbidity, ethnicity and religion. RESULTS Pro-Br...

Religious fundamentalism is a vigorously debated topic these days. It frequently confined to one-dimensional structure, which has been connected religious violence. The current study claims that the existing use of term "extreme" did not apprehend various perceptions, opinions, and outlooks characterize excessive behavior. deconstructs implication word in perspectives responds researchers' call...

Twitter is the largest and most popular micro-blogging website on Internet. Due to low publication barrier, anonymity and wide penetration, Twitter has become an easy target or platform for extremists to disseminate their ideologies and opinions by posting hate and extremism promoting tweets. Millions of tweets are posted on Twitter everyday and it is practically impossible for Twitter moderato...