This paper examines recycling of end-of-life products in developing countries to determine the most reasonable collection policy order increase profits. The process self-recycling by original manufacturers is examined using simulations. simulations were based on three different investment percentages for versus refurbishment/remanufacture products. Results offered here can help decision makers ...

This note discusses the impact of collection cost structure on the optimal reverse channel choice of manufacturers who remanufacture their own products. Using collection cost functions that capture collection rate and collection volume dependency, we show that the optimal reverse channel choice (retailerversus manufacturer-managed collection) is driven by how the cost structure moderates the ma...

In 2001, an estimated 433 million new wood pallets were manufactured in the United States, consuming an estimated 6.6 billion board feet (BBF) of hardwood and softwood lumber, cants, and parts (Bejune et al. 2002). Subsequently, another industry has emerged that specializes in the repair and remanufacture of wood pallets. This rise of the wood pallet repair and remanufacture industry is in larg...

T paper models and quantifies the cost-savings potential of production systems that collect, remanufacture, and remarket end-of-use products as perfect substitutes while facing the fundamental supply-loop constraints of limited component durability and finite product life cycles. The results demonstrate the need to carefully coordinate production cost structure, collection rate, product life cy...

This paper incorporates remanufacturing decisions with pricing and supplier and component selection decisions in a multi-level green supply chain with multiple suppliers, one single manufacturer and multiple retailers. The manufacturer purchases optional components of a certain functionality from his alternative suppliers or remanufacture from recycled components and customizes a set of platfor...

Contingency planning is the first stage in developing a formal set of production planning and control activities for the reuse of products obtained via return flows in a closed-loop supply chain. The paper takes a contingency approach to explore the factors that impact production planning and control for closed-loop supply chains that incorporate product recovery. A series of three cases are pr...

This paper develops an ontologically rich explanation of the inner mechanics of the annihilation process, starting from a non-local hidden-variable (NLHV) design. This explains the process in terms of the handedness of matter and antimatter, the interaction of the electron and antielectron as they approach, the collapse of their discrete force structures and their reformation into photon struct...